purema

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *purdak.

Verb

purema (da-infinitive pureda)

1. (transitive) to bite

Conjugation

Conjugation of purema (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)

indicative
present			perfect
person	positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.	puren	ei pure	1st sing.	olen purenud	ei ole purenud pole purenud
2nd sing.	pured		2nd sing.	oled purenud
3rd sing.	pureb		3rd sing.	on purenud
1st plur.	pureme		1st plur.	oleme purenud
2nd plur.	purete		2nd plur.	olete purenud
3rd plur.	purevad		3rd plur.	on purenud
passive	puretakse	ei pureta	passive	on puretud	ei ole puretud pole puretud
past			pluperfect
person	positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.	puresin	ei purenud	1st sing.	olin purenud	ei olnud purenud polnud purenud
2nd sing.	puresid		2nd sing.	olid purenud
3rd sing.	pures		3rd sing.	oli purenud
1st plur.	puresime		1st plur.	olime purenud
2nd plur.	puresite		2nd plur.	olite purenud
3rd plur.	puresid		3rd plur.	oli purenud
passive	pureti	ei puretud	passive	oli puretud	ei olnud puretud polnud puretud
conditional
present			perfect
person	positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.	pureksin	ei pureks	1st sing.	purenuksin oleksin purenud	ei purenuks ei oleks purenud poleks purenud
2nd sing.	pureksid		2nd sing.	purenuksid oleksid purenud
3rd sing.	pureks		3rd sing.	purenuks oleks purenud
1st plur.	pureksime		1st plur.	purenuksime oleksime purenud
2nd plur.	pureksite		2nd plur.	purenuksite oleksite purenud
3rd plur.	pureksid		3rd plur.	purenuksid oleksid purenud
passive	puretaks	ei puretaks	passive	oleks puretud	ei oleks puretud poleks puretud
imperative
present			perfect
person	positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.	—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.	pure	ära pure	2nd sing.	ole purenud	ära ole purenud
3rd sing.	puregu	ärgu puregu	3rd sing.	olgu purenud	ärgu olgu purenud
1st plur.	puregem	ärme pureme ärme pure ärgem puregem	1st plur.	olgem purenud	ärme oleme purenud ärme ole purenud ärgem olgem purenud
2nd plur.	purege	ärge purege	2nd plur.	olge purenud	ärge olge purenud
3rd plur.	puregu	ärgu puregu	3rd plur.	olgu purenud	ärgu olgu purenud
passive	puretagu	ärgu puretagu	passive	olgu puretud	ärgu olgu puretud
quotative
present			perfect
voice	positive	negative	voice	positive	negative
active	purevat	ei purevat	active	olevat purenud	ei olevat purenud polevat purenud
passive	puretavat	ei puretavat	passive	olevat puretud	ei olevat puretud polevat puretud
Nominal forms
ma-infinitive	active	passive	da-infinitive	present	past
nominative	purema	puretama	nominative	pureda	olla purenud
illative		—	inessive	puredes	olles purenud
inessive	puremas		participle	active	passive
elative	puremast		present	purev	puretav
translative	puremaks		past	purenud	puretud
abessive	puremata		negative	purematu	—

Further reading

• purema in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpuremɑ/, [ˈpure̞mɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -uremɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pu‧re‧ma

Etymology 1

purra +‎ -ma

Noun

purema

1. bite (the wound or swelling on sb's skin caused by an animal that has bitten the skin)

Declension

Inflection of purema (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		purema	puremat
genitive		pureman	puremien
partitive		puremaa	puremia
illative		puremaan	puremiin
		singular	plural
nominative		purema	puremat
accusative	nom.	purema	puremat
	gen.	pureman
genitive		pureman	puremien puremainrare
partitive		puremaa	puremia
inessive		puremassa	puremissa
elative		puremasta	puremista
illative		puremaan	puremiin
adessive		puremalla	puremilla
ablative		puremalta	puremilta
allative		puremalle	puremille
essive		puremana	puremina
translative		puremaksi	puremiksi
abessive		purematta	puremitta
instructive		—	puremin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of purema (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative puremani puremani accusative nom. puremani puremani gen. puremani genitive puremani puremieni puremainirare partitive puremaani puremiani inessive puremassani puremissani elative puremastani puremistani illative puremaani puremiini adessive puremallani puremillani ablative puremaltani puremiltani allative puremalleni puremilleni essive puremanani pureminani translative puremakseni puremikseni abessive puremattani puremittani instructive — — comitative — puremineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative puremasi puremasi accusative nom. puremasi puremasi gen. puremasi genitive puremasi puremiesi puremaisirare partitive puremaasi puremiasi inessive puremassasi puremissasi elative puremastasi puremistasi illative puremaasi puremiisi adessive puremallasi puremillasi ablative puremaltasi puremiltasi allative puremallesi puremillesi essive puremanasi pureminasi translative puremaksesi puremiksesi abessive puremattasi puremittasi instructive — — comitative — pureminesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative puremamme puremamme accusative nom. puremamme puremamme gen. puremamme genitive puremamme puremiemme puremaimmerare partitive puremaamme puremiamme inessive puremassamme puremissamme elative puremastamme puremistamme illative puremaamme puremiimme adessive puremallamme puremillamme ablative puremaltamme puremiltamme allative puremallemme puremillemme essive puremanamme pureminamme translative puremaksemme puremiksemme abessive puremattamme puremittamme instructive — — comitative — pureminemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative puremanne puremanne accusative nom. puremanne puremanne gen. puremanne genitive puremanne puremienne puremainnerare partitive puremaanne puremianne inessive puremassanne puremissanne elative puremastanne puremistanne illative puremaanne puremiinne adessive puremallanne puremillanne ablative puremaltanne puremiltanne allative puremallenne puremillenne essive puremananne pureminanne translative puremaksenne puremiksenne abessive puremattanne puremittanne instructive — — comitative — pureminenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative puremansa puremansa accusative nom. puremansa puremansa gen. puremansa genitive puremansa puremiensa puremainsarare partitive puremaansa puremiaan puremiansa inessive puremassaan puremassansa puremissaan puremissansa elative puremastaan puremastansa puremistaan puremistansa illative puremaansa puremiinsa adessive puremallaan puremallansa puremillaan puremillansa ablative puremaltaan puremaltansa puremiltaan puremiltansa allative puremalleen puremallensa puremilleen puremillensa essive puremanaan puremanansa pureminaan pureminansa translative puremakseen puremaksensa puremikseen puremiksensa abessive puremattaan puremattansa puremittaan puremittansa instructive — — comitative — puremineen pureminensa

Derived terms

compounds

• haikaranpurema
• hallanpurema
• huunpurema
• hyttysenpurema
• kirpunpurema
• käärmeenpurema
• pakkasenpurema

 

Further reading

• “purema”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Etymology 2

Participle

purema

1. agent participle of purra

Declension

Inflection of purema (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		purema	puremat
genitive		pureman	puremien
partitive		puremaa	puremia
illative		puremaan	puremiin
		singular	plural
nominative		purema	puremat
accusative	nom.	purema	puremat
	gen.	pureman
genitive		pureman	puremien puremainrare
partitive		puremaa	puremia
inessive		puremassa	puremissa
elative		puremasta	puremista
illative		puremaan	puremiin
adessive		puremalla	puremilla
ablative		puremalta	puremilta
allative		puremalle	puremille
essive		puremana	puremina
translative		puremaksi	puremiksi
abessive		purematta	puremitta
instructive		—	puremin
comitative		—	puremine

Possessive forms of purema (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative puremani puremani accusative nom. puremani puremani gen. puremani genitive puremani puremieni puremainirare partitive puremaani puremiani inessive puremassani puremissani elative puremastani puremistani illative puremaani puremiini adessive puremallani puremillani ablative puremaltani puremiltani allative puremalleni puremilleni essive puremanani pureminani translative puremakseni puremikseni abessive puremattani puremittani instructive — — comitative — puremineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative puremasi puremasi accusative nom. puremasi puremasi gen. puremasi genitive puremasi puremiesi puremaisirare partitive puremaasi puremiasi inessive puremassasi puremissasi elative puremastasi puremistasi illative puremaasi puremiisi adessive puremallasi puremillasi ablative puremaltasi puremiltasi allative puremallesi puremillesi essive puremanasi pureminasi translative puremaksesi puremiksesi abessive puremattasi puremittasi instructive — — comitative — pureminesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative puremamme puremamme accusative nom. puremamme puremamme gen. puremamme genitive puremamme puremiemme puremaimmerare partitive puremaamme puremiamme inessive puremassamme puremissamme elative puremastamme puremistamme illative puremaamme puremiimme adessive puremallamme puremillamme ablative puremaltamme puremiltamme allative puremallemme puremillemme essive puremanamme pureminamme translative puremaksemme puremiksemme abessive puremattamme puremittamme instructive — — comitative — pureminemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative puremanne puremanne accusative nom. puremanne puremanne gen. puremanne genitive puremanne puremienne puremainnerare partitive puremaanne puremianne inessive puremassanne puremissanne elative puremastanne puremistanne illative puremaanne puremiinne adessive puremallanne puremillanne ablative puremaltanne puremiltanne allative puremallenne puremillenne essive puremananne pureminanne translative puremaksenne puremiksenne abessive puremattanne puremittanne instructive — — comitative — pureminenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative puremansa puremansa accusative nom. puremansa puremansa gen. puremansa genitive puremansa puremiensa puremainsarare partitive puremaansa puremiaan puremiansa inessive puremassaan puremassansa puremissaan puremissansa elative puremastaan puremastansa puremistaan puremistansa illative puremaansa puremiinsa adessive puremallaan puremallansa puremillaan puremillansa ablative puremaltaan puremaltansa puremiltaan puremiltansa allative puremalleen puremallensa puremilleen puremillensa essive puremanaan puremanansa pureminaan pureminansa translative puremakseen puremaksensa puremikseen puremiksensa abessive puremattaan puremattansa puremittaan puremittansa instructive — — comitative — puremineen pureminensa