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ähnlich

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German anelich, enlich (alike), from Old High German *analīh (attested in derivatives), a contraction of anagilīh, from Proto-Germanic *anagalīkaz, from *ana (on) + *galīkaz (like), that is “almost identical”. Compare German angleichen. Cognate with Middle Dutch aenlijck, English alike, Old Norse álíkr.

The contemporary form is possibly from a merger of Middle High German anelich with East Central German einlich, but it is uncertain whether the latter is from ein (one) +‎ -lich (-ly) or merely an alteration of the former. The form may also have been reinforced by interpretation as Ahn (ancestor) +‎ -lich; this noun is not originally related, but semantically close.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɛːnlɪç/, [ˈʔɛːn.lɪç], [ˈʔeːn-], (southern also) [-liç], (Switzerland also) [-liχ]
  • Hyphenation: ähn‧lich

Adjective

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ähnlich (strong nominative masculine singular ähnlicher, comparative ähnlicher, superlative am ähnlichsten)

  1. similar, alike, resembling [with dative or wie (+ case of preceding noun) ‘to someone/something’]
    • 2017, Neuer Zürcher Zeitung, (headline), 6 April:
      Facebook behandelt «Revenge Porn» fortan ähnlich wie Kinderpornografie.
      Facebook to treat "revenge porn" similarly to child pornography.
    Sie ist mir ähnlich. / Sie ist ähnlich wie ich.She is similar to me.
    Sie sind sich ähnlich.They are similar to each other. (sich = reciprocal dative)
    Wir haben ähnliche Probleme.We have similar problems.
    auf ähnliche Weisein a similar manner

Usage notes

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  • Often used with expletive so: Sie ist so ähnlich wie ich. However, this is not possible when construed with a dative. (Sie ist mir so ähnlich is grammatical, but only with so in the general sense of “so, to such an extent”.) Compare moreover in the third example: Wir haben so ähnliche Probleme (Our problems are similar to those in question), ruling out the reading “Your problem and mine are similar to each other”.

Declension

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • ähnlich” in Duden online
  • ähnlich”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache[1] (in German)