βυθός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• βυσσός (bussós)

Etymology

Possibly a metathesis from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb-, with cognates including Old Church Slavonic дъно (dŭno), Old English dēop (English deep) and Albanian det (from Proto-Albanian *deubeta). Unrelated to βᾰθῠ́ς (bathús) and βένθος (bénthos).

Alternately, cognate to Sanskrit गाध (gādha, “bottom, ford, shallows, standing-ground in water”).

However, Beekes rejects Indo-European origin, and assigns it to instead.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /by.tʰós/ → /βyˈθos/ → /viˈθos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /by.tʰós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /byˈtʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βyˈθos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vyˈθos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /viˈθos/

Noun

βῠθός • (buthós) m (genitive βῠθοῦ); second declension

1. depth
2. depth of the sea, deep water

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ βῠθός; τοῦ βῠθοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ βῠθός ho buthós	τὼ βῠθώ tṑ buthṓ	οἱ βῠθοί hoi buthoí
Genitive	τοῦ βῠθοῦ toû buthoû	τοῖν βῠθοῖν toîn buthoîn	τῶν βῠθῶν tôn buthôn
Dative	τῷ βῠθῷ tôi buthôi	τοῖν βῠθοῖν toîn buthoîn	τοῖς βῠθοῖς toîs buthoîs
Accusative	τὸν βῠθόν tòn buthón	τὼ βῠθώ tṑ buthṓ	τοὺς βῠθούς toùs buthoús
Vocative	βῠθέ buthé	βῠθώ buthṓ	βῠθοί buthoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἄβυσσος (ábussos)

Further reading

• “βυθός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βυθός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• βυθός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• βυθός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “βυθός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1037 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • abyss idem, page 5.
  • gulf idem, page 379.
  • yawning idem, page 995.

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Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek βυθός (buthós).

Noun

βυθός • (vythós) m (plural βυθοί)

1. seabed, riverbed, bottom, ground

Declension

Declension of βυθός

	singular	plural
nominative	βυθός •	βυθοί •
genitive	βυθού •	βυθών •
accusative	βυθό •	βυθούς •
vocative	βυθέ •	βυθοί •