ελαφραίνω
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Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- αλαφραίνω (alafraíno) (colloquial)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Byzantine Greek ἐλαφραίνω (elaphraínō) from Hellenistic ἐλαφρύνω (elaphrúnō) + -αίνω. Doublet of ελαφρύνω (elafrýno) and ελαφρώνω (elafróno).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ελαφραίνω • (elafraíno) (past ελάφρυνα, passive —)
- (transitive, intransitive) to lighten (weight, load, etc)
- (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) to lighten, lessen (make more tolerable)
- Synonym: ξαλαφρώνω (xalafróno), less common: ξαλαφραίνω (xalafraíno)
Conjugation
[edit]ελαφραίνω (active forms only)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | ελαφραίνω | ελαφρύνω | ||
2 sg | ελαφραίνεις | ελαφρύνεις | ||
3 sg | ελαφραίνει | ελαφρύνει | ||
1 pl | ελαφραίνουμε, [‑ομε] | ελαφρύνουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | ελαφραίνετε | ελαφρύνετε | ||
3 pl | ελαφραίνουν(ε) | ελαφρύνουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | ελάφρυνα | ελάφρυνα | ||
2 sg | ελάφρυνες | ελάφρυνες | ||
3 sg | ελάφρυνε | ελάφρυνε | ||
1 pl | ελαφραίναμε | ελαφρύναμε | ||
2 pl | ελαφραίνατε | ελαφρύνατε | ||
3 pl | ελάφρυναν, ελαφραίναν(ε) | ελάφρυναν, ελαφρύναν(ε) | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα ελαφραίνω ➤ | θα ελαφρύνω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα ελαφραίνεις, … | θα ελαφρύνεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … ελαφρύνει | |||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … ελαφρύνει | |||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … ελαφρύνει | |||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | ελάφρυνε | ελάφρυνε | ||
2 pl | ελαφραίνετε | ελαφρύντε | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | ελαφραίνοντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας ελαφρύνει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect participle ➤ | — | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | ελαφρύνει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Synonyms
[edit]Antonyms
[edit]- βαραίνω (varaíno)
Related terms
[edit]- ελαφρωμένος (elafroménos, participle) from variant ελαφρώνω (elafróno)
- and see: ελαφρός (elafrós, “soft, light”)
Further reading
[edit]- ελαφραίνω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Greek terms inherited from Byzantine Greek
- Greek terms derived from Byzantine Greek
- Greek terms suffixed with -αίνω
- Greek doublets
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek transitive verbs
- Greek intransitive verbs
- Greek verbs conjugating like 'βαραίνω'
- Greek verbs lacking passive forms
- Greek irregular verbs