κεράτιον
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From κέρᾰς (kéras, “horn”) + -ῐον (-ion, diminutive suffix). The sense of “carob“ stems from a Semitic loan and later mingled with the “hornlet” word, compare Arabic قَرَظ (qaraẓ, “acacia”), Classical Syriac ܩܸܪܲܛܵܐ (qerraṭṭā, “acacia; carob”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ke.rǎː.ti.on/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /keˈra.ti.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ceˈra.ti.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ceˈra.ti.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ceˈra.ti.on/
Noun
κερᾱ́τῐον • (kerā́tion) n (genitive κερᾱτῐ́ου); second declension
- small horn
- (zoology) antenna of the cerambycid or of the hermit crab
- (in the plural) curved ends of the womb
- (music) a musical instrument (perhaps a fife or clarionet)
- carat, 1/1728 of a pound (clarification of this definition is needed)
- a Byzantine coin of a certain value (clarification of this definition is needed)
- Alternative form of κερατωνία (keratōnía)
- fruit of the carob
Declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ κερᾱ́τῐον tò kerā́tion |
τὼ κερᾱτῐ́ω tṑ kerātíō |
τᾰ̀ κερᾱ́τῐᾰ tà kerā́tia | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κερᾱτῐ́ου toû kerātíou |
τοῖν κερᾱτῐ́οιν toîn kerātíoin |
τῶν κερᾱτῐ́ων tôn kerātíōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κερᾱτῐ́ῳ tôi kerātíōi |
τοῖν κερᾱτῐ́οιν toîn kerātíoin |
τοῖς κερᾱτῐ́οις toîs kerātíois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ κερᾱ́τῐον tò kerā́tion |
τὼ κερᾱτῐ́ω tṑ kerātíō |
τᾰ̀ κερᾱ́τῐᾰ tà kerā́tia | ||||||||||
Vocative | κερᾱ́τῐον kerā́tion |
κερᾱτῐ́ω kerātíō |
κερᾱ́τῐᾰ kerā́tia | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Synonyms
- (carob, Ceratonia siliqua): κερᾱτωνῐ́ᾱ (kerātōníā), κερωνῐ́ᾱ (kerōníā), κερᾱτέᾱ (kerātéā), κερᾱτῐ́ᾱ (kerātíā)
- (carob fruit): κερᾱ́τῐᾰ (kerā́tia)
Descendants
- → Arabic: قِيرَاط (qīrāṭ)
- → Aramaic:
- → Hebrew: קָרָט (qārāṭ)
- (4) → Coptic: ϭⲁⲣⲁⲧⲉ (carate) (Sahidic)
- → Latin: cerātium
References
- “κεράτιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κεράτιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- κεράτιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- G2769 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- κεράτιον in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 200–201
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ιον
- Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Semitic languages
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Semitic languages
- Ancient Greek 4-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the second declension
- grc:Zoology
- grc:Music
- grc:Units of measure
- grc:Coins