борщ

See also: борш

Mongolian

Alternative forms

• борш (borš) — nonstandard

Etymology

From Russian борщ (boršč).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɔrɕ/
• Syllabification: борщ (1 syllable)

Noun

борщ • (boršč)

1. borscht

Usage notes

Due to its rarity, щ (šč) is sometimes replaced by the more common ш (š).

Declension

Declension of борщ (sg-only о-harmonic regular borr)

attributive борщ boršč singular / indefinite nominative борщ boršč genitive борщийн borščiin accusative борщийг borščiig dative-locative борщид borščid ablative борщоос borščoos instrumental борщоор borščoor comitative борщтой borščtoj privative борщгүй borščgüj directive борщ руу boršč ruu Reflexive possessive forms  singular / indefinite nominative борщоо borščoo genitive борщийнхоо borščiinxoo accusative борщийгоо borščiigoo dative-locative борщдоо borščdoo ablative борщоосоо borščoosoo instrumental борщоороо borščooroo comitative борщтойгоо borščtojgoo privative борщгүйгээ borščgüjgee directive борщ руугаа boršč ruugaa independent genitive singular / indefinite singular possession борщийнх borščiinx collective possession борщийнхон borščiinxon

Russian

Борщ со сметаной.

Alternative forms

• борщъ (boršč) — pre-1918 spelling

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь, originally meaning “hogweed”, then “hogweed soup”, later “beetroot soup”, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bursktis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [borɕː]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

борщ • (boršč) m inan (genitive борща́, nominative plural борщи́, genitive plural борще́й, relational adjective борщево́й, diminutive бо́рщик or борще́ц or борщо́к)

1. borscht, borsht, borshch, borsch (a soup made of beets and cabbage)
   • 1937, Владимир Набоков [Vladimir Nabokov], “Глава третья”, in Дар; English translation from Michael Scammell with the collaboration of the author, transl., The Gift, New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1963:

     Она́ ме́дленно размеша́ла в борще́ бе́лый восклица́тельный знак смета́ны, но зате́м, пожа́в плечо́м, отста́вила таре́лку.

     Oná médlenno razmešála v borščé bélyj vosklicátelʹnyj znak smetány, no zatém, požáv plečóm, otstávila tarélku.

     She was slowly mixing a white exclamation mark of sour cream into her borshch, but then, shrugging her shoulders, she pushed her plate away.

2. (dated) hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium)

Declension

Declension of борщ (inan masc-form sibilant-stem accent-b) 

	singular	plural
nominative	бо́рщ bóršč	борщи́ borščí
genitive	борща́ borščá	борще́й borščéj
dative	борщу́ borščú	борща́м borščám
accusative	бо́рщ bóršč	борщи́ borščí
instrumental	борщо́м borščóm	борща́ми borščámi
prepositional	борще́ borščé	борща́х borščáx

Related terms

• борщеви́к m (borščevík)

Descendants

• → Armenian: բորշ (borš)
• → Bulgarian: борш (borš)
• → Czech: boršč
• → Japanese: ボルシチ
• → Korean: 보르시 (boreusi)
• → Macedonian: боршч (boršč)
• → Mongolian: борщ (boršč)
• → Romanian: borș
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: бо̏ршч

  Latin script: bȍršč

• → Slovak: boršč
  • →? Pannonian Rusyn: борщ (boršč)
• → Slovene: boršč
• → Yakut: борщ (boršč), буорус (buorus)

See also

• переборщи́ть pf (pereborščítʹ), переба́рщивать impf (perebárščivatʹ)

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “борщ”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь, first meaning “hogweed”, then “hogweed soup”, later “beet soup”, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bursktis. For the semantic shift compare Polish barszcz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɔrʃt͡ʃ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

борщ • (boršč) m inan (genitive борщу́, nominative plural борщі́, genitive plural борщі́в, relational adjective борще́вий or борщови́й or борщівни́й, diminutive бо́рщик or борще́ць)

1. borscht, beet soup
2. hogweed, Heracleum sphondylium

Declension

Declension of борщ
(inan semisoft masc-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	борщ boršč	борщі́ borščí
genitive	борщу́ borščú	борщі́в borščív
dative	борще́ві, борщу́ borščévi, borščú	борща́м borščám
accusative	борщ boršč	борщі́ borščí
instrumental	борще́м borščém	борща́ми borščámy
locative	борщу́, борщі́ borščú, borščí	борща́х borščáx
vocative	бо́рщу bóršču	борщі́ borščí

Derived terms

• борщівни́к m (borščivnýk), борщівни́ця f (borščivnýcja) (seller of borscht; lover of borscht)
• борщува́ти impf (borščuváty) (to eat borscht)
• перебо́рщувати impf (perebórščuvaty), переборщи́ти pf (pereborščýty) (to overdo)

References

• Jaroslav Rudnyckyj (1962–1972), “борщ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 179
• Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “*борщ*”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “борщ”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “борщ”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–15 (а – п'ять), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “борщ”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]
• “борщ”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[2]

Yakut

Alternative forms

• буорус (buorus)

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian борщ (boršč), from Old East Slavic борщь (borščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *bъrščь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bu͡ɔɐ̯rɕː]
• Hyphenation: борщ

Noun

борщ • (boršč) (definite accusative борщу, dative борщка)

1. borscht

Declension

Declension of борщ

		singular
nominative		борщ (boršč)
partitive		борщта (borščta)
accusative	indefinite	борщ (boršč)
	definite	борщу (boršču)
dative		борщка (borščka)
adjectival locative		борщтааҕы (borščtaağï)
ablative		борщтан (borščtan)
instrumental		борщунан (borščunan)
comitative		борщтуун (borščtuun)
sociative		борщтары (borščtarï)
obsolete comparative		борщтук (borščtuk)
elative		борщтааҕар (borščtaağar)

Possessive forms of борщ (singular)

	singular			plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	мин (min)	эн (en)	кини (kini)	биһиги (bihigi)	эһиги (ehigi)	кинилэр (kiniler)
nominative	борщум (borščum)	борщуҥ (borščuŋ)	борща (boršča)	борщпут (borščput)	борщкут (borščkut)	борщтара (borščtara)
accusative	борщпун (borščpun)	борщкун (borščkun)	борщун (borščun)	борщпутун (borščputun)	борщкутун (borščkutun)	борщтарын (borščtarïn)
dative	борщпар (borščpar)	борщкар (borščkar)	борщугар (borščugar)	борщпутугар (borščputugar)	борщкутугар (borščkutugar)	борщтарыгар (borščtarïgar)
ablative	борщпуттан (borščputtan)	борщкуттан (borščkuttan)	борщуттан (borščuttan)	борщпутуттан (borščpututtan)	борщкутуттан (borščkututtan)	борщтарыттан (borščtarïttan)
instrumental	борщпунан (borščpunan)	борщкунан (borščkunan)	борщунан (borščunan)	борщпутунан (borščputunan)	борщкутунан (borščkutunan)	борщтарынан (borščtarïnan)
comitative	борщпунуун (borščpunuun)	борщкунуун (borščkunuun)	борщунуун (borščunuun)	борщпутунуун (borščputunuun)	борщкутунуун (borščkutunuun)	борщтарыныын (borščtarïnïïn)
comparative	борщпунааҕар (borščpunaağar)	борщкунааҕар (borščkunaağar)	борщунааҕар (borščunaağar)	борщпутунааҕар (borščputunaağar)	борщкутунааҕар (borščkutunaağar)	борщтарынааҕар (borščtarïnaağar)