водка

Belarusian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvotka]

Noun

во́дка • (vódka) f inan (genitive во́дкі, nominative plural во́дкі, genitive plural во́дак)

1. vodka

   Synonym: (common term) гарэ́лка (harélka)

   • 1968, Іван Пташнікаў: Тартак:

     А нам, татарам, усіраўно: ці водка, ці пулямёт... Ліжба з ног ш-шыбала...

     A nam, tataram, usiraŭnó: ci vódka, ci puljamjót... Ližba z noh š-šybala...

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1975, Алесь Адамовіч, Уладзімер Калесьнік, Янка Брыль: Я з вогненнай вёскі...:

     Яны ўвайшлі да нас, у іх былі гранаты такія, з дзеравянымі ручкамі, і водка руская, вот такія сотачкі.

     Jany ŭvajšli da nas, u ix byli hranaty takija, z dzjeravjanymi ručkami, i vódka ruskaja, vot takija sótački.

     They came in, holding grenades with wooden handles and Russian vodka, in quarter pints.

   • 1980, Кастусь Акула: Гараватка:

     Адно Янук закашляўся й зморшчыўся, калі водка забрала яму дыханьне.

     Adnó Januk zakašljaŭsja j zmórščyŭsja, kali vódka zabrala jamu dyxanʹnje.

     Only Yanook coughed and made a wry face once vodka tightened his throat.

Declension

Declension of во́дка (inan velar fem-form accent-a reduc)

	singular	plural
nominative	во́дка vódka	во́дкі vódki
genitive	во́дкі vódki	во́дак vódak
dative	во́дцы vódcy	во́дкам vódkam
accusative	во́дку vódku	во́дкі vódki
instrumental	во́дкай, во́дкаю vódkaj, vódkaju	во́дкамі vódkami
locative	во́дцы vódcy	во́дках vódkax
count form	—	во́дкі1 vódki1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “водка” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvɔtkɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

во́дка • (vódka) f

1. (uncountable) vodka
2. (countable) a (portion of) vodka

Declension

Declension of во́дка

	singular	plural
indefinite	во́дка vódka	во́дки vódki
definite	во́дката vódkata	во́дките vódkite

Russian

Etymology

From вода́ (vodá, “water”) +‎ -ка (-ka, diminutive suffix). First attested in 1533, at first only in medical context; the beverage sense appeared in the 17th century and became widespread in the 19th, displacing хле́бное вино́ (xlébnoje vinó, literally “grain wine”) by the early 20th century. The beverage sense is probably a semantic loan from Polish wódka, which, per Brückner, in turn may be a semantic loan from Medieval Latin aqua vitae.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvotkə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

во́дка • (vódka) f inan (genitive во́дки, nominative plural во́дки, genitive plural во́док, relational adjective во́дочный, diminutive во́донька or во́дочка)

1. (usually uncountable) vodka

   палёная во́дка ― paljónaja vódka ― unlicensed vodka

2. (dated) flavored liquor, liqueur

   ани́совая во́дка ― anísovaja vódka ― anisette

   можжеве́ловая во́дка ― možževélovaja vódka ― gin (liquor)

   я́блочная во́дка ― jábločnaja vódka ― applejack

3. (pharmacology, obsolete) tincture (a solution of some substance in alcohol for use in medicine or cosmetics)
4. (chemistry, archaic) aqua, acid

   ца́рская во́дка ― cárskaja vódka ― aqua regia

Declension

Declension of во́дка (inan fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	во́дка vódka	во́дки vódki
genitive	во́дки vódki	во́док vódok
dative	во́дке vódke	во́дкам vódkam
accusative	во́дку vódku	во́дки vódki
instrumental	во́дкой, во́дкою vódkoj, vódkoju	во́дками vódkami
prepositional	во́дке vódke	во́дках vódkax

Pre-reform declension of во́дка (inan fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	во́дка vódka	во́дки vódki
genitive	во́дки vódki	во́докъ vódok
dative	во́дкѣ vódkě	во́дкамъ vódkam
accusative	во́дку vódku	во́дки vódki
instrumental	во́дкой, во́дкою vódkoj, vódkoju	во́дками vódkami
prepositional	во́дкѣ vódkě	во́дкахъ vódkax

Derived terms

• ликёро-во́дочный (likjóro-vódočnyj)

Descendants

• → Ainu: ヴォッカ
• → English: vodka, vodki, vodky (colloquial, nonstandard)
  • → Cebuano: bodka
  • → Welsh: fodca
• → French: vodka
• → Georgian: (Adjara, Meskheti, Guria) ოტკა (oṭḳa), (Guria) ვოტკა (voṭḳa)
• → German: Wodka
• → Hebrew: ווֹדְקָה (vódka)
• → Ingrian: votka
• → Japanese: ウォッカ (wokka), ヴォートカ (vōtoka)
• → Korean: 보드카 (bodeuka)
• Kurdish:

  → Central Kurdish: ڤۆدکا (vodka), ڤۆدگا (vodga)

• → Laz: ონტკა (onťǩa), ვოტკა (voťǩa)
• → Mingrelian: ონტკა (onṭḳa)
• → Portuguese: vodka
• → Thai: วอดก้า (wɔ́t-gâa)
• → Ukrainian: во́дка (vódka)
• → Uyghur: ۋوتكا (wotka)

See also

• хле́бное вино́ n (xlébnoje vinó)

References

• Shansky, N. M., editor (1968), “водка”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, number 3 (В), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 124

Ukrainian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈwɔdkɐ]

Noun

во́дка • (vódka) f inan (genitive во́дки, nominative plural во́дки, genitive plural во́док)

1. (rare) vodka

   Synonym: (common term) горі́лка (horílka)

Declension

Declension of во́дка
(inan hard fem-form accent-a reduc)

	singular	plural
nominative	во́дка vódka	во́дки vódky
genitive	во́дки vódky	во́док vódok
dative	во́дці vódci	во́дкам vódkam
accusative	во́дку vódku	во́дки vódky
instrumental	во́дкою vódkoju	во́дками vódkamy
locative	во́дці vódci	во́дках vódkax
vocative	во́дко vódko	во́дки vódky

References

• “водка”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)