клеймо

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Russian

Etymology

Dialectally also клейно́ (klejnó); cognate with Ukrainian клеймо́ (klejmó), клейно́ (klejnó) and Belarusian кляймо́ (kljajmó), кляйно́ (kljajnó). Per Vasmer, borrowed from unattested Old High German *kleim (glue, clay, mortar), from Proto-Germanic *klaimaz. (Only Old High German kleimen (to smear, to oil) is attested, but the vowel sequence -ей- is most easily derived from Old High German or Old Norse among the Germanic languages, and Vasmer specifically denies a derivation from Old Norse kleima.) Compare Old English clām (clay, mud) (whence dialectal English cloam (clay)), Middle Low German klēm (glue, mortar, plaster).

Pronunciation

Noun

клеймо́ (klejmón inan (genitive клейма́, nominative plural кле́йма, genitive plural клейм)

  1. brand, stamp, identification mark
  2. (figuratively) stain, taint as in tainted reputation

Declension

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “клеймо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress