բարք

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Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Armenian բարք (barkʻ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

բարք (barkʻ)

  1. nature, character, disposition, trait
  2. habit, practice, custom
  3. (in the plural) mores
    բարք ու վարքbarkʻ u varkʻcustoms, practices; mores, morals and manners

Declension[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (to bear), with the original meaning being "bearing". Either inherited from the variant *bʰr̥u- or borrowed from a Middle Iranian cognate from the same root: compare Middle Persian [script needed] (blšn' /⁠barišn⁠/, bearing, behaviour).

See also բարի (bari), -բար (-bar), իբր (ibr), երբ (erb).

Noun[edit]

բարք (barkʻpl

  1. manners, morals, custom, disposition, inclination, conduct, manner of acting
    բոյս բարուցboys barucʻnature, character, natural disposition, inclination
    բարք քաղցունքbarkʻ kʻałcʻunkʻgood manners, morals
    անբիծ, անարատ բարքanbic, anarat barkʻpure morals
    խրոխտ բարքxroxt barkʻproud character
    խանգարել, եղծանել զբարսxangarel, ełcanel zbarsto corrupt the morals
    ամոքել զբարսamokʻel zbarsto soften the morals
    յիւրոց բարուցն, ի կամաց բարուցն, կամաւոր բարուք, բարուք յօժարութեանyiwrocʻ barucʻn, i kamacʻ barucʻn, kamawor barukʻ, barukʻ yōžarutʻeanwillingly, spontaneously
    • 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).2.15–16:[1]
      Երրորդ բարք առիւծուն․ յորժամ ծնանի մատակ առեւծն զկորիւնն, մեռեալ ծնանի․ եւ նստեալ պահէ զորդի իւր, մինչեւ գայ հայրն յաւուր երրորդի եւ փչէ ի ճակատն նորա եւ յարուցանէ զնա։
      Errord barkʻ aṙiwcun; yoržam cnani matak aṙewcn zkoriwnn, meṙeal cnani; ew nsteal pahē zordi iwr, minčʻew gay hayrn yawur errordi ew pʻčʻē i čakatn nora ew yarucʻanē zna.
      • Translation by Gohar Muradyan
        The third custom of the lion: when the lioness gives birth to the whelp, she brings it forth dead. And she sits and guards her child, until on the third day the father comes and blows into its forehead and awakens it.
    • 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).19.2–4:[2]
      Բարոյախաւսն ասէ զյովազէ, թէ այսպիսի բարս ունի, որ ամենայն անասնոց սիրելի է, բայց միայն աւձի թշնամի է․ ամենախայտ է, իբրեւ զծաղկեայ պատմուճանն Յովսեփու, գեղեցիկ եւ զարդարուն։
      Baroyaxawsn asē zyovazē, tʻē ayspisi bars uni, or amenayn anasnocʻ sireli ē, baycʻ miayn awji tʻšnami ē; amenaxayt ē, ibrew zcałkeay patmučann Yovsepʻu, gełecʻik ew zardarun.
      • Translation by Gohar Muradyan
        Physiologus says about the panther, that it has such a custom: it is dear to all animals, but hostile only to the dragon. It is multicolored like Joseph's robe of many colours, it is beautiful and adorned.

Usage notes[edit]

The word has the following combining forms: բար- (bar-), բարք- (barkʻ-), բարե- (bare-), բարոյ- (baroy-), բարու- (baru-).

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: բարք (barkʻ)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6)‎[1], Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, pages 90, 142
  2. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6)‎[2], Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, pages 118–120, 152–153

Further reading[edit]

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “բարք”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “բարք”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎[3] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 116
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “բարք”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 22b
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 215, 870
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “բարք”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy