հայ
Armenian
Etymology
From Old Armenian հայ (hay).
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /hɑj/, [hɑj]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /hɑj/, [hɑj]
Noun
հայ • (hay)
- Armenian
- Հա՞յ ես։ ― Ha?y es. ― Are you an Armenian?
Declension
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | հայ (hay) | հայեր (hayer) | ||
| dative | հայի (hayi) | հայերի (hayeri) | ||
| ablative | հայից (hayicʻ) | հայերից (hayericʻ) | ||
| instrumental | հայով (hayov) | հայերով (hayerov) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | հայը/հայն (hayə/hayn) | հայերը/հայերն (hayerə/hayern) | ||
| dative | հային (hayin) | հայերին (hayerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | հայս (hays) | հայերս (hayers) | ||
| dative | հայիս (hayis) | հայերիս (hayeris) | ||
| ablative | հայիցս (hayicʻs) | հայերիցս (hayericʻs) | ||
| instrumental | հայովս (hayovs) | հայերովս (hayerovs) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | հայդ (hayd) | հայերդ (hayerd) | ||
| dative | հայիդ (hayid) | հայերիդ (hayerid) | ||
| ablative | հայիցդ (hayicʻd) | հայերիցդ (hayericʻd) | ||
| instrumental | հայովդ (hayovd) | հայերովդ (hayerovd) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
Derived terms
- ամերիկահայ (amerikahay)
- արեւելահայ (arewelahay)
- արեւմտահայ (arewmtahay)
- իրանահայ (iranahay)
- հայագետ (hayaget)
- հայաշատ (hayašat)
- հայատյաց (hayatyacʻ)
- հայու գեն (hayu gen)
- հայուհի (hayuhi)
- հայուհի (hayuhi)
- պարսկահայ (parskahay)
Related terms
Adjective
հայ • (hay)
Declension
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | հայ (hay) | հայեր (hayer) | ||
| dative | հայի (hayi) | հայերի (hayeri) | ||
| ablative | հայից (hayicʻ) | հայերից (hayericʻ) | ||
| instrumental | հայով (hayov) | հայերով (hayerov) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | հայը/հայն (hayə/hayn) | հայերը/հայերն (hayerə/hayern) | ||
| dative | հային (hayin) | հայերին (hayerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | հայս (hays) | հայերս (hayers) | ||
| dative | հայիս (hayis) | հայերիս (hayeris) | ||
| ablative | հայիցս (hayicʻs) | հայերիցս (hayericʻs) | ||
| instrumental | հայովս (hayovs) | հայերովս (hayerovs) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | հայդ (hayd) | հայերդ (hayerd) | ||
| dative | հայիդ (hayid) | հայերիդ (hayerid) | ||
| ablative | հայիցդ (hayicʻd) | հայերիցդ (hayericʻd) | ||
| instrumental | հայովդ (hayovd) | հայերովդ (hayerovd) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is disputed. The stem of the word is հայո- (hayo-), as evidenced by the o-type declension.
According to Diakonoff, the ethnonym derives from Proto-Armenian *hatiyos, *hatyos, from Urartian 𒆳𒄩𒀀𒋼 (KUR.ḫa-a-te /Ḫāti, Hate/, “the land of Hittites”); compare Hittite 𒄩𒋾 (ḫa-ti /Ḫatti/). This name was given by Urartians to all lands west of Euphrates, including the territory around Malatya occupied by Proto-Armenians. When the Urartians were assimilated among the Proto-Armenians, they took over their Indo-European language and called themselves by the same name of the “Hittites”.[1]
On the other hand, Martirosyan connects հայ (hay) with the country name Hayaša- and derives both from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos (“metal”). He explains Hayaša- as “the land of metal or iron” and հայ (hay) as “inhabitant of the land of metal or iron”. Hayasa, located on the north-western corner of historical Armenia, was famous for metalworking.[2] The connection with Hayasa is repudiated by Kitazumi, pointing out that the Hittite word is attested over twenty times and written in such ways that it can only be read Ḫayaša- but with the sound inventory of Old Armenian an anlauting խ- (x-) would represent a better fit.[3]
An old proposal derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (“lord, master”), but a Proto-Indo-European *po- would yield Old Armenian ո- (o-): compare ոտն (otn).
Armenian tradition connects the word with the nation's legendary eponym Հայկ (Hayk).
For the other names of the Armenians see Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/), Georgian სომეხი (somexi) and Northern Kurdish file.
Noun
հայ • (hay)
- Armenian
- հայք ― haykʻ ― the Armenians, the Armenian nation
Declension
Adjective
հայ • (hay)
- Armenian
- հայ լեզու, բարբառ ― hay lezu, barbaṙ ― the Armenian language
- թարգմանել ի հայ, յեղուլ ի հայ բան ― tʻargmanel i hay, yełul i hay ban ― to translate into Armenian, into the Armenian language
Declension
Related terms
- Հայկ (Hayk)
Derived terms
- հայաբարբառ (hayabarbaṙ)
- հայադաւան (hayadawan)
- հայազարմ (hayazarm)
- հայազն (hayazn)
- հայական (hayakan)
- հայակոյտ (hayakoyt)
- հայասեռ (hayaseṙ)
Descendants
References
- ^ Dʹjakonov, I. M. (1968) S. T. Jeremjan, editor, Predystorija armjanskovo naroda. Istorija Armjanskovo nagorʹja s 1500 po 500 g. do n.e. Xurrity, luvijcy, protoarmjane [The Pre-History of the Armenian People. The History of the Armenian Highland from 1500 to 500 BC. Hurrians, Luwians, Proto-Armenians][1] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 236
- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “hay”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 382–385
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Further reading
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “հայ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “հայ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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