اردو

Ottoman Turkish

اردو

Alternative forms

• اوردو (ordu)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ordu (“army camp”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰺𐰑𐰆 (ordu), Azerbaijani ordu, Bashkir урда (urda), Kazakh орда (orda), Kyrgyz ордо (ordo), Turkmen orda, Uyghur ئوردا (orda), Uzbek orda and Yakut ордуу (orduu).

Noun

اردو • (ordu) (definite accusative اردویی (orduyu), plural اردولر (ordular))

1. military camp, a temporary military base provided with tents for the lodging of an army

   Synonym: اردوگاه (ordugâh)

2. (by extension) army, a highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground operations

   Synonyms: جند (cünd), جیش (ceyiş), چری (çeri), عسكر (ʼasker), لشكر (leşker)

Derived terms

• اردو قاضیسی (ordu kadısı, “judge-advocate of an army”)
• اردو قالدرمق (ordu kaldırmak, “to break up a camp”)
• اردو قورمق (ordu kurmak, “to form a camp, to encamp”)
• اردو مركزی (ordu merkezi, “headquarters of an army”)
• اردو چیقارمق (ordu çıkarmak, “to send an army into the field”)
• اردولق (orduluk, “the time when troops are in the field”)
• اردوگاه (ordugâh, “military camp”)
• اردوی همایون (orduyı hümâyun, “imperial army; imperial camp”)
• قول اردو (kol ordu, “wing of an army”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: ordu
• → Albanian: hordhi
• → Arabic: عُرْضِيّ (ʕurḍiyy)
  • → Amharic: ዕርድ (ʿərd)
  • → Tigre: ዕርዲ (ʿərdi)
  • → Tigrinya: ዕርዲ (ʿərdi)

Ordu province

Proper noun

اردو • (ordu)

1. Ordu (a city and province in the East Black Sea region, Turkey)

   Synonym: بایراملی (bayramlı) (obsolete)

Descendants

• Turkish: Ordu

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “اردو”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 34
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ordu”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3628
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “اردو”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 22a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اردو”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 67
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Castra”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 158
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اردو”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 139
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ordu”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Ordu”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اردو”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 65
• Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Ordu”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎^[6], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 589

Persian

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Turkic *ordu (“army, camp”) (see Azerbaijani ordu, Turkish ordu, Turkmen orda). Compare horde.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔuɾ.ˈduː]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔʊɾ.d̪úː]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔʊɾ.d̪úː]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔʊɾ.d̪úː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔuɾ.d̪ú]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔoɹ.d̪úː]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔuɾ.d̪ú]

Readings
Classical reading?	urdū
Dari reading?	urdū
Iranian reading?	ordu
Tajik reading?	urdu

Noun

اردو • (ordu) (plural اردوها (ordu-hâ))

Dari	اردو
Iranian Persian
Tajik	урду

1. horde
2. (Iran) camping
3. (Dari) army

Proper noun

اُرْدو • (ordu)

1. Urdu

Adjective

اُرْدو • (ordu)

1. Urdu

Related terms

• زبان اردو (zabân-e ordu)

Descendants

• Dari: اردو (urdū)
• Iranian Persian: اردو (ordu)
• Tajik: урду (urdu), Урду (Urdu)
• → Bengali: উর্দু (urdu)
• → Gujarati: ઉર્દૂ (urdū)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: उर्दू (urdū)

  Urdu: اُرْدُو (urdū)

  • → English: Urdu
• → Kannada: ಉರ್ದೂ (urdū)
• → Marathi: उर्दू (urdū)
• → Nepali: उर्दु (urdu), उर्दू (urdū)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਉਰਦੂ (uradū)

  Shahmukhi script: اُرْدُو (urdū)

• → Telugu: ఉర్దూ (urdū)

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ʊɾ.d̪uː/

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uː

Etymology 1

Shortened from اردوئے معلی (urdū-e mu’allá), from Middle Hindi زبان اردوئے معلی (zubān-i urdū-e mu’allá), borrowed from Classical Persian زُبَانِ اُرْدُویِ مُعَلّیٰ (zubān-i urdū-yi mu'allā, “language of the royal camp”).

Proper noun

اُرْدُو • (urdū) f (Hindi spelling उर्दू)

Term Hindustani and Urdu were synonymous during first decade of the 20th century

1. the Urdu language
2. Rekhta

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian اردو (urdū), from Turkic.

Noun

اُرْدُو • (urdū) f (Hindi spelling उर्दू)

1. (military, rare) army, camp

   Synonym: لَشکَر

References

• “اردو”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “اردو”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.