سرج
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Aramaic סַרְגָא (sargā) (in Classical Syriac ܣܰܪܓܳܐ), from סְרַג (srag, “to bind, to plait”) (in Classical Syriac ܣܪܰܓ).
A theory diffused by Abaev[1] derives the word from Iranian, compare Sogdian [script needed] (sʾγr /sāγr/), Ossetian саргъ (sarǧ), but the Iranic words are, if related, perhaps more likely to come from Arabic, or Aramaic, the existence of which he fails to note; the same assertion is made by Corriente/Pereira/Vicente [2] “in spite of the Syriac”, because “the greater part of the Semitic basic lexicon with respect to horses is introduced into the Middle East by Indo-Europeans”.
However, apart from the fact that camels too bear saddles, that notion is vague on statistical grounds: If one goes through the list of horse tack terms, there are just few, particularly less important terms from this semantical field that can only be presumed to be Iranian, comprising بَرْذَعَة (barḏaʕa, “packsaddle”) and جُوَالَق (juwālaq, “saddlebag”), نَمَط (namaṭ, “a rug laid over a saddle”), رَسَن (rasan, “noseband”). Others like خُرْج (ḵurj, “saddlebag”) and لِجَام (lijām, “bridle”) have only vaguely been claimed to be Iranian and themselves been “reborrowed” into Persian, and have Semitic explanations too, or one has much evidence on one side like one has on the other, so for شِكَال (šikāl, “hobble”). Thus it is here: The correspondence of the Aramaic consonants is regular to those of Arabic شَرَّجَ (šarraja, “to weave around”), as has been indicated already by Fraenkel.
Noun
[edit]سَرْج • (sarj) m (plural سُرُوج (surūj))
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سَرْج sarj |
السَّرْج as-sarj |
سَرْج sarj |
Nominative | سَرْجٌ sarjun |
السَّرْجُ as-sarju |
سَرْجُ sarju |
Accusative | سَرْجًا sarjan |
السَّرْجَ as-sarja |
سَرْجَ sarja |
Genitive | سَرْجٍ sarjin |
السَّرْجِ as-sarji |
سَرْجِ sarji |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | سَرْجَيْن sarjayn |
السَّرْجَيْن as-sarjayn |
سَرْجَيْ sarjay |
Nominative | سَرْجَانِ sarjāni |
السَّرْجَانِ as-sarjāni |
سَرْجَا sarjā |
Accusative | سَرْجَيْنِ sarjayni |
السَّرْجَيْنِ as-sarjayni |
سَرْجَيْ sarjay |
Genitive | سَرْجَيْنِ sarjayni |
السَّرْجَيْنِ as-sarjayni |
سَرْجَيْ sarjay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | سُرُوج surūj |
السُّرُوج as-surūj |
سُرُوج surūj |
Nominative | سُرُوجٌ surūjun |
السُّرُوجُ as-surūju |
سُرُوجُ surūju |
Accusative | سُرُوجًا surūjan |
السُّرُوجَ as-surūja |
سُرُوجَ surūja |
Genitive | سُرُوجٍ surūjin |
السُّرُوجِ as-surūji |
سُرُوجِ surūji |
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Aramaic סְרַג (srag, “to bind, to plait; to girth; to saddle”) (in Classical Syriac ܣܪܰܓ); in the meaning “to saddle” denominal verb in Arabic. Doublet of شَرَجَ (šaraja, “to put together, to interweave”).
Verb
[edit]سَرَجَ • (saraja) I (non-past يَسْرُجُ (yasruju), verbal noun سَرْج (sarj))
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
سَرْج sarj | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
سَارِج sārij | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَسْرُوج masrūj | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سَرَجْتُ sarajtu |
سَرَجْتَ sarajta |
سَرَجَ saraja |
سَرَجْتُمَا sarajtumā |
سَرَجَا sarajā |
سَرَجْنَا sarajnā |
سَرَجْتُمْ sarajtum |
سَرَجُوا sarajū | |||
f | سَرَجْتِ sarajti |
سَرَجَتْ sarajat |
سَرَجَتَا sarajatā |
سَرَجْتُنَّ sarajtunna |
سَرَجْنَ sarajna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَسْرُجُ ʔasruju |
تَسْرُجُ tasruju |
يَسْرُجُ yasruju |
تَسْرُجَانِ tasrujāni |
يَسْرُجَانِ yasrujāni |
نَسْرُجُ nasruju |
تَسْرُجُونَ tasrujūna |
يَسْرُجُونَ yasrujūna | |||
f | تَسْرُجِينَ tasrujīna |
تَسْرُجُ tasruju |
تَسْرُجَانِ tasrujāni |
تَسْرُجْنَ tasrujna |
يَسْرُجْنَ yasrujna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَسْرُجَ ʔasruja |
تَسْرُجَ tasruja |
يَسْرُجَ yasruja |
تَسْرُجَا tasrujā |
يَسْرُجَا yasrujā |
نَسْرُجَ nasruja |
تَسْرُجُوا tasrujū |
يَسْرُجُوا yasrujū | |||
f | تَسْرُجِي tasrujī |
تَسْرُجَ tasruja |
تَسْرُجَا tasrujā |
تَسْرُجْنَ tasrujna |
يَسْرُجْنَ yasrujna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَسْرُجْ ʔasruj |
تَسْرُجْ tasruj |
يَسْرُجْ yasruj |
تَسْرُجَا tasrujā |
يَسْرُجَا yasrujā |
نَسْرُجْ nasruj |
تَسْرُجُوا tasrujū |
يَسْرُجُوا yasrujū | |||
f | تَسْرُجِي tasrujī |
تَسْرُجْ tasruj |
تَسْرُجَا tasrujā |
تَسْرُجْنَ tasrujna |
يَسْرُجْنَ yasrujna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُسْرُجْ usruj |
اُسْرُجَا usrujā |
اُسْرُجُوا usrujū |
||||||||
f | اُسْرُجِي usrujī |
اُسْرُجْنَ usrujna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سُرِجْتُ surijtu |
سُرِجْتَ surijta |
سُرِجَ surija |
سُرِجْتُمَا surijtumā |
سُرِجَا surijā |
سُرِجْنَا surijnā |
سُرِجْتُمْ surijtum |
سُرِجُوا surijū | |||
f | سُرِجْتِ surijti |
سُرِجَتْ surijat |
سُرِجَتَا surijatā |
سُرِجْتُنَّ surijtunna |
سُرِجْنَ surijna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُسْرَجُ ʔusraju |
تُسْرَجُ tusraju |
يُسْرَجُ yusraju |
تُسْرَجَانِ tusrajāni |
يُسْرَجَانِ yusrajāni |
نُسْرَجُ nusraju |
تُسْرَجُونَ tusrajūna |
يُسْرَجُونَ yusrajūna | |||
f | تُسْرَجِينَ tusrajīna |
تُسْرَجُ tusraju |
تُسْرَجَانِ tusrajāni |
تُسْرَجْنَ tusrajna |
يُسْرَجْنَ yusrajna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُسْرَجَ ʔusraja |
تُسْرَجَ tusraja |
يُسْرَجَ yusraja |
تُسْرَجَا tusrajā |
يُسْرَجَا yusrajā |
نُسْرَجَ nusraja |
تُسْرَجُوا tusrajū |
يُسْرَجُوا yusrajū | |||
f | تُسْرَجِي tusrajī |
تُسْرَجَ tusraja |
تُسْرَجَا tusrajā |
تُسْرَجْنَ tusrajna |
يُسْرَجْنَ yusrajna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُسْرَجْ ʔusraj |
تُسْرَجْ tusraj |
يُسْرَجْ yusraj |
تُسْرَجَا tusrajā |
يُسْرَجَا yusrajā |
نُسْرَجْ nusraj |
تُسْرَجُوا tusrajū |
يُسْرَجُوا yusrajū | |||
f | تُسْرَجِي tusrajī |
تُسْرَجْ tusraj |
تُسْرَجَا tusrajā |
تُسْرَجْنَ tusrajna |
يُسْرَجْنَ yusrajna |
Verb
[edit]سَرَّجَ • (sarraja) II (non-past يُسَرِّجُ (yusarriju), verbal noun سَرْج (sarj))
- to saddle
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
سَرْج sarj | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُسَرِّج musarrij | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُسَرَّج musarraj | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سَرَّجْتُ sarrajtu |
سَرَّجْتَ sarrajta |
سَرَّجَ sarraja |
سَرَّجْتُمَا sarrajtumā |
سَرَّجَا sarrajā |
سَرَّجْنَا sarrajnā |
سَرَّجْتُمْ sarrajtum |
سَرَّجُوا sarrajū | |||
f | سَرَّجْتِ sarrajti |
سَرَّجَتْ sarrajat |
سَرَّجَتَا sarrajatā |
سَرَّجْتُنَّ sarrajtunna |
سَرَّجْنَ sarrajna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُسَرِّجُ ʔusarriju |
تُسَرِّجُ tusarriju |
يُسَرِّجُ yusarriju |
تُسَرِّجَانِ tusarrijāni |
يُسَرِّجَانِ yusarrijāni |
نُسَرِّجُ nusarriju |
تُسَرِّجُونَ tusarrijūna |
يُسَرِّجُونَ yusarrijūna | |||
f | تُسَرِّجِينَ tusarrijīna |
تُسَرِّجُ tusarriju |
تُسَرِّجَانِ tusarrijāni |
تُسَرِّجْنَ tusarrijna |
يُسَرِّجْنَ yusarrijna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُسَرِّجَ ʔusarrija |
تُسَرِّجَ tusarrija |
يُسَرِّجَ yusarrija |
تُسَرِّجَا tusarrijā |
يُسَرِّجَا yusarrijā |
نُسَرِّجَ nusarrija |
تُسَرِّجُوا tusarrijū |
يُسَرِّجُوا yusarrijū | |||
f | تُسَرِّجِي tusarrijī |
تُسَرِّجَ tusarrija |
تُسَرِّجَا tusarrijā |
تُسَرِّجْنَ tusarrijna |
يُسَرِّجْنَ yusarrijna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُسَرِّجْ ʔusarrij |
تُسَرِّجْ tusarrij |
يُسَرِّجْ yusarrij |
تُسَرِّجَا tusarrijā |
يُسَرِّجَا yusarrijā |
نُسَرِّجْ nusarrij |
تُسَرِّجُوا tusarrijū |
يُسَرِّجُوا yusarrijū | |||
f | تُسَرِّجِي tusarrijī |
تُسَرِّجْ tusarrij |
تُسَرِّجَا tusarrijā |
تُسَرِّجْنَ tusarrijna |
يُسَرِّجْنَ yusarrijna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | سَرِّجْ sarrij |
سَرِّجَا sarrijā |
سَرِّجُوا sarrijū |
||||||||
f | سَرِّجِي sarrijī |
سَرِّجْنَ sarrijna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سُرِّجْتُ surrijtu |
سُرِّجْتَ surrijta |
سُرِّجَ surrija |
سُرِّجْتُمَا surrijtumā |
سُرِّجَا surrijā |
سُرِّجْنَا surrijnā |
سُرِّجْتُمْ surrijtum |
سُرِّجُوا surrijū | |||
f | سُرِّجْتِ surrijti |
سُرِّجَتْ surrijat |
سُرِّجَتَا surrijatā |
سُرِّجْتُنَّ surrijtunna |
سُرِّجْنَ surrijna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُسَرَّجُ ʔusarraju |
تُسَرَّجُ tusarraju |
يُسَرَّجُ yusarraju |
تُسَرَّجَانِ tusarrajāni |
يُسَرَّجَانِ yusarrajāni |
نُسَرَّجُ nusarraju |
تُسَرَّجُونَ tusarrajūna |
يُسَرَّجُونَ yusarrajūna | |||
f | تُسَرَّجِينَ tusarrajīna |
تُسَرَّجُ tusarraju |
تُسَرَّجَانِ tusarrajāni |
تُسَرَّجْنَ tusarrajna |
يُسَرَّجْنَ yusarrajna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُسَرَّجَ ʔusarraja |
تُسَرَّجَ tusarraja |
يُسَرَّجَ yusarraja |
تُسَرَّجَا tusarrajā |
يُسَرَّجَا yusarrajā |
نُسَرَّجَ nusarraja |
تُسَرَّجُوا tusarrajū |
يُسَرَّجُوا yusarrajū | |||
f | تُسَرَّجِي tusarrajī |
تُسَرَّجَ tusarraja |
تُسَرَّجَا tusarrajā |
تُسَرَّجْنَ tusarrajna |
يُسَرَّجْنَ yusarrajna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُسَرَّجْ ʔusarraj |
تُسَرَّجْ tusarraj |
يُسَرَّجْ yusarraj |
تُسَرَّجَا tusarrajā |
يُسَرَّجَا yusarrajā |
نُسَرَّجْ nusarraj |
تُسَرَّجُوا tusarrajū |
يُسَرَّجُوا yusarrajū | |||
f | تُسَرَّجِي tusarrajī |
تُسَرَّجْ tusarraj |
تُسَرَّجَا tusarrajā |
تُسَرَّجْنَ tusarrajna |
يُسَرَّجْنَ yusarrajna |
Noun
[edit]سَرْج • (sarj) m
- verbal noun of سَرَجَ (saraja) (form I)
Declension
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Spanish: azarja
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]سُرُج • (suruj) pl
Further reading
[edit]- “srg”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سرج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 645
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 101
- Freytag, Georg (1833) “سرج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 306
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “سرج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1343
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سرج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 564
References
[edit]- ^ Abajev, V. I. (1979) “sarğ”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 34
- ^ Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 626–627
Moroccan Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Iranian languages
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic denominal verbs
- Arabic doublets
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel u
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Arabic non-lemma forms
- Arabic noun forms
- ar:Horse tack
- Moroccan Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic 1-syllable words
- Moroccan Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Moroccan Arabic lemmas
- Moroccan Arabic nouns
- Moroccan Arabic masculine nouns