مرغ

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian مرغ (murg, “bird”), from Middle Iranian *murγ (“bird”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *mr̥gáh (“bird”).

Noun

مرغ • (mürg) (definite accusative مرغی (mürgü), plural مرغلر (mürgler))

1. bird, any member of the class of animals Aves, characterized by having feathers and wings

   Synonyms: طیر (tayr), قوش (kuş)

2. fowl, any bird in the order Galliformes, including chickens, turkeys, pheasant and partridges

   Synonyms: دجاج (decac), طاوق (tavuk)

Derived terms

• فیلمرغ (filmürg, “turkey”)
• مرغ آب (mürg-i ab, “waterfowl”)
• مرغ باز (mürg-bâz, “bird trainer”)
• مرغ باغ (mürg-i bâğ, “nightingale”)
• مرغ بام (mürg-i bâm, “nightingale”)
• مرغ روز (mürg-i ruz, “the Sun”)
• مرغ زر (mürg-i zer, “the Sun”)
• مرغ زیرك (mürg-i zirek, “starling”)
• مرغ سحر (mürg-i seher, “nightingale”)
• مرغ سدره (mürg-i sidre, “the archangel Gabriel”)
• مرغ سلیمان (mürg-i süleymân, “hoopoe”)
• مرغ شب آویز (mürg-i şeb âviz, “scops owl”)
• مرغ فلك (mürg-i felek, “cherub”)
• مرغ لب (mürg-i leb, “a word spoken”)
• مرغ چمن (mürg-i çemen, “nightingale”)
• مرغزار (mürgzâr, “bird nest”)

Descendants

• Turkish: mürg, murg

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “mürg2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3387
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “mürg”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 876
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “مرغ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1150
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Avis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 104
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “مرغ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 4574
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “مرغ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1812

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

Noun

مرغ • (merg) (definite accusative مرغی (mergi), plural مرغلر (mergler))

1. meadow, a field or pasture covered or cultivated with grass, usually intended to be mown for hay

   Synonyms: چایر (çayır), مرج (merc), یشیللك (yeşillik)

Descendants

• Turkish: merg

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “merg2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3151
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “merg”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[6] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 741
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “مرغ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[7] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1150
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Pratum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[8], Vienna, column 1355
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “مرغ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[9], Vienna, column 4574
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “مرغ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[10], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1812

Pashto

FWOTD – 18 February 2019

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mraɣ/

Noun

مرغ • (mraġ) m

1. a weight used in bodybuilding
2. a large stone at just the weight that a man can lift, and used in the game or exercise of putting the stone

Declension

Declension of مرغ

	singular	plural
direct	مرغ (mraġ)	مرغونه (mraġuna)
oblique	مرغ (mraġ)	مرغونو (mraġuno)
vocative	مرغه (mraġa)	مرغونو (mraġuno)

References

• Raverty, H. G. (1867), “مرغ”, in A dictionary of the Puk'hto, Pus'hto, or language of the Afghans: with remarks on the originality of the language, and its affinity to other oriental tongues, London: Williams & Nortgate
• Pashto English Dictionary

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭥𐭫𐭥𐭠 (mwlw' /⁠murw⁠/) (Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫖𐫇𐫡𐫇 (mwrw)), from Proto-Iranian *mr̥gáh (“bird”). Compare Middle Persian 𐭬𐭥𐭫𐭥𐭠 (mwlw' /⁠murw⁠/), Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫡𐫃 (mwrg /⁠murγ⁠/), Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬀 (mər^əγa), Pashto مرغه (mërğë), Ossetian маргъ (marǧ), Baluchi مرگ (murg), Old Armenian սիրամարգ (siramarg) and լորամարգ (loramarg).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈmurɣ/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊɾɣ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊɾɣ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊɾɣ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [muɾɣ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moɹɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [muɾʁ]

Readings
Classical reading?	murġ
Dari reading?	murġ
Iranian reading?	morġ
Tajik reading?	murġ

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

مرغ • (murġ / morġ) (plural مرغ‌ها (murġ-hā / morġ-hâ), or مرغان (murġān / morġân), Tajik spelling мурғ)

1. hen

   تخم‌گذاری مرغ ― tuxm-guzārī-yi  / toxm-gozâri-ye murġ / morġ ― hen laying eggs

2. (synecdochic) chicken (regardless of sex)
3. (archaic or poetic) bird
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3412:

     کاتب آن وحی ز آن آواز مرغ
     برده ظنی کاو بود همباز مرغ‌‌

     kātib-i ān wahy zi ān āwāz-i murġ
     burda zannē k-ō buwad hambāz-i murġ

     The writer of the Revelation, from (hearing) the Bird's voice,
     supposed that he was the Bird's equal.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

4. (archaic or poetic) nightingale

Related terms

• تخم مرغ (tuxm-i murġ / toxm-e morġ)
• سیمرغ (sīmurġ / simorġ)
• شترمرغ (šuturmurġ / šotormorġ)
• مرغ مگس‌خوار (murġ-i magas-xwār / morġ-e magas-xâr)
• مرغابی (murġābī / morġâbi)
• مرغانه (murġāna / morġâne)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: mürğ
• → Bengali: মোরগ (mōrog)
• → Chagatai: مرغ (mrġ)
  • Uzbek: murgʻ
• → Ottoman Turkish: مرغ (mürg)
  • Turkish: mürg
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਰਗ (murag)

  Shahmukhi script: مرغ (murġ)