इच्छा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit इच्छा (icchā).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɪt̪.t͡ʃʰɑː/, [ɪt̚.t͡ʃʰäː]

Noun

इच्छा • (icchā) f (Urdu spelling اچھا)

1. desire, will, wish

   Synonyms: चाह (cāh), कामना (kāmnā), अभिलाषा (abhilāṣā)

   मेरी इच्छा है कि मेरी मृत्यु के बाद, यह घर बेचा जाए।

   merī icchā hai ki merī mŕtyu ke bād, yah ghar becā jāe.

   It is my desire that this house be sold after I die.

Declension

Declension of इच्छा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	इच्छा icchā	इच्छाएँ icchāẽ
oblique	इच्छा icchā	इच्छाओं icchāõ
vocative	इच्छा icchā	इच्छाओ icchāo

Proper noun

इच्छा • (icchā) f

1. a female given name, Iccha, from Sanskrit

Declension

Declension of इच्छा (sg-only fem ā-stem)

	singular
direct	इच्छा icchā
oblique	इच्छा icchā
vocative	इच्छा icchā

Derived terms

• इच्छामृत्यु (icchāmŕtyu)
• इच्छारहित (icchārhit)

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “इच्छा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 506
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “इच्छा”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 79
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “इच्छा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 103
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “इच्छा”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 53.

Konkani

Alternative forms

इत्सा (itsā)

Noun

इच्छा • (icchā) f (Latin script ?, Kannada script ?)

1. desire, wish

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit इच्छा (icchā). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘃𑘔𑘰 (īchā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /it͡ɕ.t͡ɕʰa/

Noun

इच्छा • (icchā) f

1. wish, desire, will

   Synonyms: आकांक्षा (ākāṅkṣā), लालसा (lālsā), वासना (vāsnā)

Declension

Declension of इच्छा (fem ā-stem)
direct singular	इच्छा icchā
direct plural	इच्छा icchā
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	इच्छा icchā		इच्छा icchā
oblique सामान्यरूप	इच्छे icche		इच्छां- icchān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	इच्छेला icchelā		इच्छांना icchānnā
ergative	इच्छेने, इच्छेनं icchene, icchena		इच्छांनी icchānnī
instrumental	इच्छेशी iccheśī		इच्छांशी icchānśī
locative सप्तमी	इच्छेत icchet		इच्छांत icchāt
vocative संबोधन	इच्छे icche		इच्छांनो icchānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of इच्छा (fem ā-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	इच्छेचा iccheċā	इच्छेचे iccheċe	इच्छेची icchecī	इच्छेच्या icchecā	इच्छेचे, इच्छेचं iccheċe, iccheċa	इच्छेची icchecī	इच्छेच्या icchecā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	इच्छांचा icchānċā	इच्छांचे icchānċe	इच्छांची icchāñcī	इच्छांच्या icchāncā	इच्छांचे, इच्छांचं icchānċe, icchānċa	इच्छांची icchāñcī	इच्छांच्या icchāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “इच्छा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “इच्छा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “इच्छा”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950), “इच्छा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• icchā (Latin script)
• 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ইচ্ছা (Bengali script)
• ඉච‍්ඡා (Sinhalese script)
• ဣစ္ဆာ or ဢိၸ္ꧡႃ or ဢိၸ်ꧡႃ (Burmese script)
• อิจฺฉา or อิจฉา (Thai script)
• ᩍᨧ᩠ᨨᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ອິຈ຺ຉາ or ອິຈຉາ (Lao script)
• ឥច្ឆា (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄨𑄌𑄴𑄍𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun

इच्छा f

1. Devanagari script form of icchā

Declension

Declension table of "इच्छा" (feminine)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	इच्छा (icchā)	इच्छायो (icchāyo) or इच्छा (icchā)
Accusative (second)	इच्छं (icchaṃ)	इच्छायो (icchāyo) or इच्छा (icchā)
Instrumental (third)	इच्छाय (icchāya)	इच्छाहि (icchāhi) or इच्छाभि (icchābhi)
Dative (fourth)	इच्छाय (icchāya)	इच्छानं (icchānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	इच्छाय (icchāya)	इच्छाहि (icchāhi) or इच्छाभि (icchābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	इच्छाय (icchāya)	इच्छानं (icchānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	इच्छाय (icchāya) or इच्छायं (icchāyaṃ)	इच्छासु (icchāsu)
Vocative (calling)	इच्छे (icche)	इच्छायो (icchāyo) or इच्छा (icchā)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ইচ্ছা (Assamese script)
• ᬇᬘ᭄ᬙᬵ (Balinese script)
• ইচ্ছা (Bengali script)
• 𑰂𑰓𑰿𑰔𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• ဣစ္ဆာ (Burmese script)
• ઇચ્છા (Gujarati script)
• ਇਚ੍ਛਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌇𑌚𑍍𑌛𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦆꦕ꧀ꦖꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂅𑂒𑂹𑂓𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಇಚ್ಛಾ (Kannada script)
• ឥច្ឆា (Khmer script)
• ອິຈ຺ຉາ (Lao script)
• ഇച്ഛാ (Malayalam script)
• ᡳᢜᡮᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘂𑘓𑘿𑘔𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠢᢋᠼᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦢𑦳𑧠𑦴𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐂𑐔𑑂𑐕𑐵 (Newa script)
• ଇଚ୍ଛା (Odia script)
• ꢄꢗ꣄ꢘꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆅𑆖𑇀𑆗𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖂𑖓𑖿𑖔𑖯 (Siddham script)
• ඉච‍්ඡා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩑𑩡 𑪙𑩢𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚂𑚏𑚶𑚐𑚭 (Takri script)
• இச்ச²ா (Tamil script)
• ఇచ్ఛా (Telugu script)
• อิจฺฉา (Thai script)
• ཨི་ཙྪཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒃𑒔𑓂𑒕𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨁𑨣𑩇𑨤𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eys-

Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti

Proto-Indo-European *h₂isḱéti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hišćáti

Sanskrit इच्छति (icchati)

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Sanskrit -आ (-ā)

Sanskrit इच्छा

Nominalized from इच्छति (icchati, “to wish, desire”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /it.t͡ɕʰɑ́ː/, [it̚.t͡ɕʰɑ́ː]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /it̪.t͡ɕʰɑː/, [it̪̚.t͡ɕʰɑː]

Noun

इच्छा • (icchā) stem, f

1. wish, desire, inclination

   Synonyms: काम (kāma), कामना (kāmanā)

2. (mathematics) a question or a problem
3. (grammar) the desiderative form

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of इच्छा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	इच्छा (icchā)	इच्छे (icche)	इच्छाः (icchāḥ)
accusative	इच्छाम् (icchām)	इच्छे (icche)	इच्छाः (icchāḥ)
instrumental	इच्छया (icchayā) इच्छा¹ (icchā¹)	इच्छाभ्याम् (icchābhyām)	इच्छाभिः (icchābhiḥ)
dative	इच्छायै (icchāyai)	इच्छाभ्याम् (icchābhyām)	इच्छाभ्यः (icchābhyaḥ)
ablative	इच्छायाः (icchāyāḥ) इच्छायै² (icchāyai²)	इच्छाभ्याम् (icchābhyām)	इच्छाभ्यः (icchābhyaḥ)
genitive	इच्छायाः (icchāyāḥ) इच्छायै² (icchāyai²)	इच्छयोः (icchayoḥ)	इच्छानाम् (icchānām)
locative	इच्छायाम् (icchāyām)	इच्छयोः (icchayoḥ)	इच्छासु (icchāsu)
vocative	इच्छे (icche)	इच्छे (icche)	इच्छाः (icchāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: یَژھ (yaċh)
• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀇𑀙𑀸 (ichā /⁠icchā⁠/)
  • Prakrit: इच्छा (icchā)
    • Old Gujarati: ईछा (īchā)
• Pali: इच्छा (icchā)
• Via Middle Indo-Aryan *इच्छित (*icchita)
  • Pali: इच्छित (icchita)
  • Prakrit: इच्छिय (icchiya)
  • →⇒ Hindi: इच्छित (icchit)
• → Hindi: इच्छा (icchā)
• → Kannada: ಇಚ್ಛೆ (icche)
• → Marathi: इच्छा (icchā)
• → Old Javanese: icchā (“wish, desire; pleased”), ica, eccha
  • Javanese: ꦲꦺꦕ (éca)
    • → Indonesian: eco
  • → Balinese: ᬳᬶᬘ (ica), ᬇᬘ
• → Old Tamil: 𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁃 (iccai)
  • Tamil: இச்சை (iccai)
• Marwari: चा (cā)
• → Telugu: ఇచ్ఛ (iccha)
• → Thai: อิจฉา (ìt-chǎa, “to envy”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “इच्छा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 169, column 1.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “icchā́”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 70