काम
Hindi[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman). Doublet of कर्म (karm). Cognate with Punjabi ਕੱਮ (kamma), Assamese কাম (kam).
Noun[edit]
काम • (kām) m (Urdu spelling کام)
- work, task, labour
- मैं कारख़ाने में काम करता हूँ।
- ma͠i kārxāne mẽ kām kartā hū̃.
- I work at a factory.
- Synonym: क्रिया (kriyā)
- job, employment
- function, purpose
- यह बक्सा मेज़ का काम देगा।
- yah baksā mez kā kām degā.
- This box will serve the function of a table.
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- काम करना (kām karnā)
Etymology 2[edit]
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kā́ma.
Noun[edit]
काम • (kām) m (Urdu spelling کام)
Declension[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “काम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “काम”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Platts, John T. (1884), “काम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Marathi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘎𑘰𑘦 (kāma), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make”). Doublet of कर्म (karma).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
काम • (kām) n
Declension[edit]
Declension of काम (kām) | |||
---|---|---|---|
direct singular |
काम kām | ||
direct plural |
कामे, कामं kāme, kāma | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | काम kām |
कामे, कामं kāme, kāma | |
oblique | कामा- kāmā- |
कामां- kāmāN- | |
dative | कामाला kāmālā |
कामांना kāmāNnā | |
ergative | कामाने kāmāne |
कामांनी kāmāNni | |
instrumental | कामाशी kāmāśi |
कामांशी kāmāNśi | |
locative | कामात kāmāt |
कामांत kāmāNt | |
vocative | कामा kāmā |
कामांनो kāmāNno | |
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. |
Genitive declension of काम | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine object | feminine object | neuter object | oblique | |||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | singular* | plural | |||
singular subject | कामाचा kāmāċā |
कामाचे kāmāce |
कामाची kāmāci |
कामाच्या kāmāca |
कामाचे, कामाचं kāmāce, kāmāċa |
कामाची kāmāci |
कामाच्या kāmāca | |
plural subject | कामांचा kāmāNċā |
कामांचे kāmāNce |
कामांची kāmāNci |
कामांच्या kāmāNca |
कामांचे, कामांचं kāmāNce, kāmāNċa |
कामांची kāmāNci |
कामांच्या kāmāNca | |
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. |
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Berntsen, Maxine, “काम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “काम”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Date, Yasavanta Ramakrshna (1932-1950), “काम”, in Maharashtra Sabdakosa (in Marathi), Pune: Maharashtra Kosamandala.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kárman”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Nepali[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
काम • (kām)
Pali[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
काम m
- Devanagari script form of kāma (“lust”)
Declension[edit]
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | कामो (kāmo) | कामा (kāmā) |
Accusative (second) | कामं (kāmaṃ) | कामे (kāme) |
Instrumental (third) | कामेन (kāmena) | कामेहि (kāmehi) or कामेभि (kāmebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | कामस्स (kāmassa) or कामाय (kāmāya) or कामत्थं (kāmatthaṃ) | कामानं (kāmānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | कामस्मा (kāmasmā) or कामम्हा (kāmamhā) or कामा (kāmā) | कामेहि (kāmehi) or कामेभि (kāmebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | कामस्स (kāmassa) | कामानं (kāmānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | कामस्मिं (kāmasmiṃ) or कामम्हि (kāmamhi) or कामे (kāme) | कामेसु (kāmesu) |
Vocative (calling) | काम (kāma) | कामा (kāmā) |
Sanskrit[edit]
Alternative scripts[edit]
- ᬓᬵᬫ (Balinese script)
- কাম (Assamese script)
- কাম (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰯𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀸𑀫 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌕𑌾𑌮 (Grantha script)
- કામ (Gujarati script)
- ਕਾਮ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦏꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
- កាម (Khmer script)
- ಕಾಮ (Kannada script)
- ກາມ (Lao script)
- കാമ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘎𑘰𑘦 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡬᠠ᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
- ကာမ (Burmese script)
- 𑦮𑧑𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐵𑐩 (Newa script)
- କାମ (Oriya script)
- ꢒꢵꢪ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆳𑆩 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖯𑖦 (Siddham script)
- කාම (Sinhalese script)
- కామ (Telugu script)
- กาม (Thai script)
- ཀཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒰𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas (“desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂-mo-s, from *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”). Cognate to Avestan 𐬐𐬁𐬨𐬀 (kāma, “desire”), Persian کام (kâm, “desire”). Wider cognates include Latin cārus, whence French cher and English charity, and English whore.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
काम • (kā́ma) m
- wish, desire, longing
- love, affection, object of desire or of love or of pleasure
- pleasure, enjoyment
- love, especially sexual love or sensuality
- Love or Desire personified
Declension[edit]
Masculine a-stem declension of काम (kā́ma) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कामः kā́maḥ |
कामौ kā́mau |
कामाः / कामासः¹ kā́māḥ / kā́māsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | काम kā́ma |
कामौ kā́mau |
कामाः / कामासः¹ kā́māḥ / kā́māsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | कामम् kā́mam |
कामौ kā́mau |
कामान् kā́mān |
Instrumental | कामेन kā́mena |
कामाभ्याम् kā́mābhyām |
कामैः / कामेभिः¹ kā́maiḥ / kā́mebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | कामाय kā́māya |
कामाभ्याम् kā́mābhyām |
कामेभ्यः kā́mebhyaḥ |
Ablative | कामात् kā́māt |
कामाभ्याम् kā́mābhyām |
कामेभ्यः kā́mebhyaḥ |
Genitive | कामस्य kā́masya |
कामयोः kā́mayoḥ |
कामानाम् kā́mānām |
Locative | कामे kā́me |
कामयोः kā́mayoḥ |
कामेषु kā́meṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms[edit]
- कामकाम (kāmakāma)
- कामकार (kāmakāra)
- कामकारतस् (kāmakāratas)
- कामकृत (kāmakṛta)
- कामगूण (kāmagūṇa)
- कामचार (kāmacāra, “free unrestrained action”)
- कामचारतस् (kāmacāratas, “according to one's inclination, voluntarily”)
- कामचारिन् (kāmacārin, “moving or acting at pleasure, without restraint”)
- कामज (kāmaja)
- कामद (kāmada, “giving what is wished, granting desires”)
- कामदहन (kāmadahana)
- कामदान (kāmadāna)
- कामदीहिनि (kāmadīhini)
- कामदेव (kāmadeva)
- कामधर्म (kāmadharma)
- कामधेनु (kāmadhenu)
- कामन (kāmana)
- कामना (kāmanā)
- कामबद्ध (kāmabaddha, “bound by love”)
- कामबल (kāmabala, “force of desire, sexual power”)
- कामबाण (kāmabāṇa, “arrow of the god of love”)
- कामबिन्दु (kāmabindu, “a 'wish-drop', anything dropped into the fire to procure the fulfilment of a wish, drop of melted butter”)
- कामभोग (kāmabhoga, “gratification of the desires, sensual gratification”)
- काममय (kāmamaya)
- काममर्दन (kāmamardana)
- काममिनी (kāmaminī)
- काममू्त (kāmamū्ta)
- काममोह (kāmamoha)
- कामम् (kāmam)
- कामलुब्ध (kāmalubdha)
- कामशास्त्र (kāmaśāstra, “a treatise on pleasure or sexual love”)
- कामसूत्र (kāmasūtra, “treatise on pleasure or sexual love by Vātsyāyana, the kāma·sūtra”)
Descendants[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
काम • (kāma) m
Declension[edit]
Masculine a-stem declension of काम (kāma) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | कामः kāmaḥ |
कामौ kāmau |
कामाः / कामासः¹ kāmāḥ / kāmāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | काम kāma |
कामौ kāmau |
कामाः / कामासः¹ kāmāḥ / kāmāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | कामम् kāmam |
कामौ kāmau |
कामान् kāmān |
Instrumental | कामेन kāmena |
कामाभ्याम् kāmābhyām |
कामैः / कामेभिः¹ kāmaiḥ / kāmebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | कामाय kāmāya |
कामाभ्याम् kāmābhyām |
कामेभ्यः kāmebhyaḥ |
Ablative | कामात् kāmāt |
कामाभ्याम् kāmābhyām |
कामेभ्यः kāmebhyaḥ |
Genitive | कामस्य kāmasya |
कामयोः kāmayoḥ |
कामानाम् kāmānām |
Locative | कामे kāme |
कामयोः kāmayoḥ |
कामेषु kāmeṣu |
Notes |
|
References[edit]
- Monier Williams (1899), “काम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 252.
- Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “काम”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 343
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer-
- Hindi terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂-
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
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- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- hi:Hinduism
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Marathi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer-
- Marathi terms inherited from Old Marathi
- Marathi terms derived from Old Marathi
- Marathi terms inherited from Maharastri Prakrit
- Marathi terms derived from Maharastri Prakrit
- Marathi terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Marathi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
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- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂-
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root कम्
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
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- sa:Hinduism