क्रिया

See also: कार्य, क्रय, किराया, and कोरिया

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रिया (kriyā́).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /kɾɪ.jɑː/, [kɾi.jäː]

Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā) f (Urdu spelling کریا‎)

1. (grammar) verb
2. doing, performance
3. action, act, deed
4. undertaking
5. business
6. use
7. work, labour; literary work
8. medical treatment or practice
9. religious act or ceremony, pious act, a duty
10. obsequies
11. oath

Declension

Declension of क्रिया (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	क्रिया kriyā	क्रियाएँ kriyāẽ
oblique	क्रिया kriyā	क्रियाओं kriyāõ
vocative	क्रिया kriyā	क्रियाओ kriyāo

Derived terms

• क्रियाशील (kriyāśīl)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “क्रिया”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884), “क्रिया”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ᬓ᭄ᬭᬶᬬᬵ (Balinese script)
• ক্ৰিয়া (Assamese script)
• ক্রিয়া (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰿𑰨𑰰𑰧𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑁆𑀭𑀺𑀬𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌕𑍍𑌰𑌿𑌯𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ક્રિયા (Gujarati script)
• ਕੑਰਿਯਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦏꦿꦶꦪꦴ (Javanese script)
• ក្រិយា (Khmer script)
• ಕ್ರಿಯಾ (Kannada script)
• ກ຺ຣິຍາ (Lao script)
• ക്രിയാ (Malayalam script)
• 𑘎𑘿𑘨𑘱𑘧𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠷᢈᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• ᡬᡵᡳᠶᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• ကြိယာ (Burmese script)
• 𑦮𑧠𑧈𑧒𑧇𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵 (Newa script)
• କ୍ରିଯା (Oriya script)
• ꢒ꣄ꢬꢶꢫꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑇀𑆫𑆴𑆪𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖿𑖨𑖰𑖧𑖯 (Siddham script)
• ක්රියා (Sinhalese script)
• క్రియా (Telugu script)
• กฺริยา (Thai script)
• ཀྲི་ཡཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒱𑒨𑒰 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From क्रिय् (kriy) +‎ -आ (-ā), in which क्रिय् (kriy) is a back-formation from क्रियते (kriyate), passive of करोति (karoti).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɾi.jɑ́ː/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾi.jɑː/

Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā́) f

1. doing, performing, performance, occupation with (in compounds), business, act, action, undertaking, activity, work, labour
2. bodily action, exercise of the limbs
3. (grammar) action (as the general idea expressed by any verb), verb

   सकर्मक्रिया (sakarmakriyā) — "active" verb

   अकर्मक्रिया (akarmakriyā) — intransitive verb

4. noun of action
5. literary work
6. medical treatment or practice, applying a remedy, cure

   समक्रियत्व (samakriyatva) — ?

   विषमक्रिय (viṣamakriya) — undergoing unequal (medical) treatment

7. a religious rite or ceremony, sacrificial act, sacrifice
8. (with caramā), "the last ceremony", rites performed immediately after death, obsequies, purificatory rites (as ablution etc.)
9. religious action, worship
10. Religious Action (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma; or as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Kratu)
11. judicial investigation (by human means, as by witnesses, documents etc., or by superhuman means, as by various ordeals)
12. atonement
13. disquisition
14. study
15. means, expedient

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of क्रिया (kriyā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	क्रिया kriyā́	क्रिये kriyé	क्रियाः kriyā́ḥ
Vocative	क्रिये kríye	क्रिये kríye	क्रियाः kríyāḥ
Accusative	क्रियाम् kriyā́m	क्रिये kriyé	क्रियाः kriyā́ḥ
Instrumental	क्रियया / क्रिया¹ kriyáyā / kriyā́¹	क्रियाभ्याम् kriyā́bhyām	क्रियाभिः kriyā́bhiḥ
Dative	क्रियायै kriyā́yai	क्रियाभ्याम् kriyā́bhyām	क्रियाभ्यः kriyā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	क्रियायाः kriyā́yāḥ	क्रियाभ्याम् kriyā́bhyām	क्रियाभ्यः kriyā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	क्रियायाः kriyā́yāḥ	क्रिययोः kriyáyoḥ	क्रियाणाम् kriyā́ṇām
Locative	क्रियायाम् kriyā́yām	क्रिययोः kriyáyoḥ	क्रियासु kriyā́su
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Assamese: ক্ৰিয়া (kria)
• → English: Kriya, kriya
• → Burmese: ကြိယာ (kri.ya)
• → Hindi: क्रिया (kriyā)
• → Javanese: ꦏꦿꦶꦪ (kriya)
• → Khmer: កិរិយា (keriyaa)
• → Marathi: क्रिया (kriyā)
• → Nepali: क्रिया (kriyā)
• → Punjabi: ਕਿਰਿਆ (kiriā)
• → Sinhalese: ක්‍රියාව (kriyāwa)
• → Tamil: கிரியை (kiriyai)
• → Telugu: క్రియ (kriya)
• → Thai: กริยา (grì-yaa)
• → Urdu: کریا‎

References

• “क्रिया” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 137.
• Monier Williams (1899), “क्रिया”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0320.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “क्रिया”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 076
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 257