उपरि

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• উপৰি (Assamese script)
• ᬉᬧᬭᬶ (Balinese script)
• উপরি (Bengali script)
• 𑰄𑰢𑰨𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀉𑀧𑀭𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဥပရိ (Burmese script)
• ઉપરિ (Gujarati script)
• ਉਪਰਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌉𑌪𑌰𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦈꦥꦫꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂇𑂣𑂩𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಉಪರಿ (Kannada script)
• ឧបរិ (Khmer script)
• ອຸປຣິ (Lao script)
• ഉപരി (Malayalam script)
• ᡠᢒᠠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘄𑘢𑘨𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠤᢒᠠᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦤𑧂𑧈𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐄𑐥𑐬𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଉପରି (Odia script)
• ꢆꢦꢬꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆇𑆥𑆫𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖄𑖢𑖨𑖰 (Siddham script)
• උපරි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩒𑩰𑩼𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚄𑚞𑚤𑚮 (Takri script)
• உபரி (Tamil script)
• ఉపరి (Telugu script)
• อุปริ (Thai script)
• ཨུ་པ་རི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒅𑒣𑒩𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨃𑨞𑨫𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *úp

Proto-Indo-European *-er

Proto-Indo-European *upéri

Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári

Sanskrit उपरि

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér (“above, over”), from *upo (“up”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upaⁱri), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Latin super, Albanian epër, Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂 (ufar), German über, Old English ofer (whence English over).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ́.ɾi/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ.ɾi/

Postposition

उपरि • (upári)

1. over

   अवयः द्यवि उपरि पतन्ति। ― ávayaḥ dyávi upári pátanti. ― Birds fly over the sky.

2. above
3. beyond

Derived terms

• उपल (upala, “gem, stone”) (from the sense “upper millstone”)

Descendants

• Apabhramsa: उप्परि (uppari)
  • Central Indo-Aryan:
    • Hindustani:
      • Hindi: ऊपर (ūpar), पर (par), पे (pe)
      • Urdu: اُوپَر (ūpar), پَر (par), پِہ (pe)
  • Eastern Indo-Aryan:
    • Bengali-Assamese:
      • Assamese: ওপৰ (üpor)
      • Bengali: উপর (upor)
    • Odia: ଉପର (upara)
  • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
    • Punjabic:
      • Punjabi: ਉੱਪਰ (uppar)
  • Western Indo-Aryan:
    • Gujarati: ઊપર (ūpar), પર (par)
    • Vaghri: ઊપર (ūpar)
    • Romani: opre

Borrowed terms

• → Malayalam: ഉപരി (upari) (learned)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “उपरि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 205, column 1.