ऊन

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /uːn/, [ũːn]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (uṇṇā), from Sanskrit ऊर्णा (ū́rṇā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwŕ̥HnaH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”). Doublet of ऊर्णा (ūrṇā), a tatsama.

Noun

ऊन • (ūn) m (Urdu spelling اون)

1. wool

Declension

Declension of ऊन (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	ऊन ūn	ऊन ūn
oblique	ऊन ūn	ऊनों ūnõ
vocative	ऊन ūn	ऊनो ūno

Derived terms

• ऊनी (ūnī, “woolen”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa), from Sanskrit ऊन (ūná, “less, deficient”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HuHnás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁uh₂nós. Related to ऊना (ūnā).

Adjective

ऊन • (ūn)

1. (obsolete) deficient, defective, less, minus

   Synonym: कम (kam)

2. (obsolete, figurative) displeased, disaffected

Derived terms

• (ऊनवाचक, diminutive)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ūˊrṇā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi उन्ह (unha), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀉𑀡𑁆𑀳 (uṇha), from Sanskrit उष्ण (uṣṇá).

Adjective

ऊन • (ūn)

1. warm, hot

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ঊন (Assamese script)
• ᬊᬦ (Balinese script)
• ঊন (Bengali script)
• 𑰅𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀊𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဦန (Burmese script)
• ઊન (Gujarati script)
• ਊਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌊𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦈꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂈𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಊನ (Kannada script)
• ឩន (Khmer script)
• ອູນ (Lao script)
• ഊന (Malayalam script)
• ᡠᡠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘅𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠤᠤᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦥𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐅𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଊନ (Odia script)
• ꢇꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆈𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖅𑖡 (Siddham script)
• ඌන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩒𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚅𑚝 (Takri script)
• ஊந (Tamil script)
• ఊన (Telugu script)
• อูน (Thai script)
• ཨཱུ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒆𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HuHnás (“empty, deficient”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁uh₂-nó-s, from *h₁weh₂- (“to leave”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬏𐬥𐬀 (ūna), Latin vānus, Proto-Germanic *wanaz.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /uː.nɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /uː.n̪ɐ/

Adjective

ऊ॒न • (ūná) stem (comparative उनीयस्, superlative उनिष्ठ)

1. deficient, wanting, lacking, less than the right number
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)
2. minus, fewer, smaller, inferior
3. defective

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ऊ॒न

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऊ॒नः (ūnáḥ)	ऊ॒नौ (ūnáu) ऊ॒ना¹ (ūnā́¹)	ऊ॒नाः (ūnā́ḥ) ऊ॒नासः॑¹ (ūnā́saḥ¹)
accusative	ऊ॒नम् (ūnám)	ऊ॒नौ (ūnáu) ऊ॒ना¹ (ūnā́¹)	ऊ॒नान् (ūnā́n)
instrumental	ऊ॒नेन॑ (ūnéna)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नैः (ūnáiḥ) ऊ॒नेभिः॑¹ (ūnébhiḥ¹)
dative	ऊ॒नाय॑ (ūnā́ya)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नेभ्यः॑ (ūnébhyaḥ)
ablative	ऊ॒नात् (ūnā́t)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नेभ्यः॑ (ūnébhyaḥ)
genitive	ऊ॒नस्य॑ (ūnásya)	ऊ॒नयोः॑ (ūnáyoḥ)	ऊ॒नाना॑म् (ūnā́nām)
locative	ऊ॒ने (ūné)	ऊ॒नयोः॑ (ūnáyoḥ)	ऊ॒नेषु॑ (ūnéṣu)
vocative	ऊन॑ (ū́na)	ऊनौ॑ (ū́nau) ऊना॑¹ (ū́nā¹)	ऊनाः॑ (ū́nāḥ) ऊना॑सः¹ (ū́nāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of ऊ॒ना

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऊ॒ना (ūnā́)	ऊ॒ने (ūné)	ऊ॒नाः (ūnā́ḥ)
accusative	ऊ॒नाम् (ūnā́m)	ऊ॒ने (ūné)	ऊ॒नाः (ūnā́ḥ)
instrumental	ऊ॒नया॑ (ūnáyā) ऊ॒ना¹ (ūnā́¹)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नाभिः॑ (ūnā́bhiḥ)
dative	ऊ॒नायै॑ (ūnā́yai)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नाभ्यः॑ (ūnā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	ऊ॒नायाः॑ (ūnā́yāḥ) ऊ॒नायै॑² (ūnā́yai²)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नाभ्यः॑ (ūnā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	ऊ॒नायाः॑ (ūnā́yāḥ) ऊ॒नायै॑² (ūnā́yai²)	ऊ॒नयोः॑ (ūnáyoḥ)	ऊ॒नाना॑म् (ūnā́nām)
locative	ऊ॒नाया॑म् (ūnā́yām)	ऊ॒नयोः॑ (ūnáyoḥ)	ऊ॒नासु॑ (ūnā́su)
vocative	ऊने॑ (ū́ne)	ऊने॑ (ū́ne)	ऊनाः॑ (ū́nāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of ऊ॒न

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऊ॒नम् (ūnám)	ऊ॒ने (ūné)	ऊ॒नानि॑ (ūnā́ni) ऊ॒ना¹ (ūnā́¹)
accusative	ऊ॒नम् (ūnám)	ऊ॒ने (ūné)	ऊ॒नानि॑ (ūnā́ni) ऊ॒ना¹ (ūnā́¹)
instrumental	ऊ॒नेन॑ (ūnéna)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नैः (ūnáiḥ) ऊ॒नेभिः॑¹ (ūnébhiḥ¹)
dative	ऊ॒नाय॑ (ūnā́ya)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नेभ्यः॑ (ūnébhyaḥ)
ablative	ऊ॒नात् (ūnā́t)	ऊ॒नाभ्या॑म् (ūnā́bhyām)	ऊ॒नेभ्यः॑ (ūnébhyaḥ)
genitive	ऊ॒नस्य॑ (ūnásya)	ऊ॒नयोः॑ (ūnáyoḥ)	ऊ॒नाना॑म् (ūnā́nām)
locative	ऊ॒ने (ūné)	ऊ॒नयोः॑ (ūnáyoḥ)	ऊ॒नेषु॑ (ūnéṣu)
vocative	ऊन॑ (ū́na)	ऊने॑ (ū́ne)	ऊना॑नि (ū́nāni) ऊना॑¹ (ū́nā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Helu Prakrit:
  • Sinhalese: උනු (unu, “deficient”)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa)
  • Bengali: ঊন (un, “less”)
  • Odia: ଊଣା (uṇā, “less, lacking”)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa)
  • Konkani: उणे (uṇe, “less”)
  • Marathi: उणे (uṇe, “less, minus”)
  • ⇒ Marathi: उणीव (uṇīv, “deficiency”)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਊਣਾ (ūṇā)
• Pali: ūna
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀊𑀡 (ūṇa)
  • Hindi: ऊना (ūnā, “less; lacking, incomplete”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “ऊन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 221/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 241