ऋत

See also: ऋतु

Hindi

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ऋत

Wikipedia ^hi

Etymology

From Sanskrit ऋत (ṛta).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾɪt̪/

Noun

ऋत • (ŕt) m

(Hinduism) truth, righteousness

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “ऋत”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 663
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “ऋत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 139
Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “ऋत”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 100

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ঋত (Assamese script)
ᬋᬢ (Balinese script)
ঋত (Bengali script)
𑰆𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀋𑀢 (Brahmi script)
ၒတ (Burmese script)
ઋત (Gujarati script)
ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌋𑌤 (Grantha script)
ꦉꦠ (Javanese script)
𑂩𑂱𑂞 (Kaithi script)
ಋತ (Kannada script)
ឫត (Khmer script)
ຣິຕ (Lao script)
ഋത (Malayalam script)
ᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘆𑘝 (Modi script)
ᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦦𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
𑐆𑐟 (Newa script)
ଋତ (Odia script)
ꢈꢡ (Saurashtra script)
𑆉𑆠 (Sharada script)
𑖆𑖝 (Siddham script)
ඍත (Sinhalese script)
𑩐𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
𑚙 (Takri script)
ரித (Tamil script)
ఋత (Telugu script)
ฤต (Thai script)
རྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
𑒇𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
𑨫𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥tás

Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hr̥tás

Sanskrit ऋ॒त

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hr̥tás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥tás (“truth”) (whence Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “truth”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tós, from *h₂er- (“to fit; fix; put together”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /r̩.tɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /r̩.t̪ɐ/

Adjective

ऋत • (ṛtá) stem

met with, afflicted by (+instrumental)
proper, right, fit, apt, suitable, able, brave, honest
true
worshipped, respected
enlightened, luminous

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ऋत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऋतः (ṛtáḥ)	ऋतौ (ṛtáu) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)	ऋताः (ṛtā́ḥ) ऋतासः¹ (ṛtā́saḥ¹)
accusative	ऋतम् (ṛtám)	ऋतौ (ṛtáu) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)	ऋतान् (ṛtā́n)
instrumental	ऋतेन (ṛténa)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतैः (ṛtáiḥ) ऋतेभिः¹ (ṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	ऋताय (ṛtā́ya)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतेभ्यः (ṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	ऋतात् (ṛtā́t)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतेभ्यः (ṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	ऋतस्य (ṛtásya)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतानाम् (ṛtā́nām)
locative	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतेषु (ṛtéṣu)
vocative	ऋत (ṛ́ta)	ऋतौ (ṛ́tau) ऋता¹ (ṛ́tā¹)	ऋताः (ṛ́tāḥ) ऋतासः¹ (ṛ́tāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of ऋता
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऋता (ṛtā́)	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋताः (ṛtā́ḥ)
accusative	ऋताम् (ṛtā́m)	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋताः (ṛtā́ḥ)
instrumental	ऋतया (ṛtáyā) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋताभिः (ṛtā́bhiḥ)
dative	ऋतायै (ṛtā́yai)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋताभ्यः (ṛtā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	ऋतायाः (ṛtā́yāḥ) ऋतायै² (ṛtā́yai²)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋताभ्यः (ṛtā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	ऋतायाः (ṛtā́yāḥ) ऋतायै² (ṛtā́yai²)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतानाम् (ṛtā́nām)
locative	ऋतायाम् (ṛtā́yām)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतासु (ṛtā́su)
vocative	ऋते (ṛ́te)	ऋते (ṛ́te)	ऋताः (ṛ́tāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of ऋत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऋतम् (ṛtám)	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतानि (ṛtā́ni) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)
accusative	ऋतम् (ṛtám)	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतानि (ṛtā́ni) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)
instrumental	ऋतेन (ṛténa)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतैः (ṛtáiḥ) ऋतेभिः¹ (ṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	ऋताय (ṛtā́ya)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतेभ्यः (ṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	ऋतात् (ṛtā́t)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतेभ्यः (ṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	ऋतस्य (ṛtásya)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतानाम् (ṛtā́nām)
locative	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतेषु (ṛtéṣu)
vocative	ऋत (ṛ́ta)	ऋते (ṛ́te)	ऋतानि (ṛ́tāni) ऋता¹ (ṛ́tā¹)

¹Vedic

Proper noun

ऋत • (ṛtá) m

name of a रुद्र (Rudra)
name of a son of मनु चाक्षुष (Manu Cākṣuṣa)
name of a son of विजय (Vijaya)

Noun

ऋत • (ṛtá) stem, n

fixed or settled order, law, rule (especially in religion)
sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith, divine truth
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.11:
  दू॒रमि॑त पणयो॒ वरी॑य॒ उद्गावो॑ यन्तु मिन॒तीर्ऋ॒तेन॑।
  बृह॒स्पति॒र्या अवि॑न्द॒न्निगू॑ळ्हाः॒ सोमो॒ ग्रावा॑ण॒ ऋष॑यश्च॒ विप्राः॑॥
  dūrámita paṇayo várīya údgā́vo yantu minatī́rṛténa.
  bṛ́haspátiryā́ ávindannígūḷhāḥ sómo grā́vāṇa ṛ́ṣayaśca víprāḥ.
  Hence, far away, ye Panis! Let the cattle lowing come forth as holy Law commandeth,
  Kine which Brihaspati, and Soma, Ṛsis, sages, and pressing-stones have found when hidden.
truth in general, righteousness, right
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.25.4:
  म॒हान्ता॑ मि॒त्रावरु॑णा स॒म्राजा॑ दे॒वावसु॑रा।
  ऋ॒तावा॑नाव्ऋ॒तम्आ घो॑षतो बृ॒हत्॥
  mahā́ntā mitrā́váruṇā samrā́jā devā́vásurā.
  ṛtā́vānāvṛtámā́ ghoṣato bṛhát.
  Great Mitra and Varuṇa, sovereign kings, gods and spirits truth-possessing, loudly sound their lofty truth.
figuratively said of gleaning (as the right means of a Brahman's obtaining a livelihood as opposed to agriculture, which is अनृत (anṛta))
promise, oath, vow
truth personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated among the sacred objects in the Nir.)
water
sacrifice
a particular sacrifice
sun
wealth

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of ऋत
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ऋतम् (ṛtám)	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतानि (ṛtā́ni) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)
accusative	ऋतम् (ṛtám)	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतानि (ṛtā́ni) ऋता¹ (ṛtā́¹)
instrumental	ऋतेन (ṛténa)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतैः (ṛtáiḥ) ऋतेभिः¹ (ṛtébhiḥ¹)
dative	ऋताय (ṛtā́ya)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतेभ्यः (ṛtébhyaḥ)
ablative	ऋतात् (ṛtā́t)	ऋताभ्याम् (ṛtā́bhyām)	ऋतेभ्यः (ṛtébhyaḥ)
genitive	ऋतस्य (ṛtásya)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतानाम् (ṛtā́nām)
locative	ऋते (ṛté)	ऋतयोः (ṛtáyoḥ)	ऋतेषु (ṛtéṣu)
vocative	ऋत (ṛ́ta)	ऋते (ṛ́te)	ऋतानि (ṛ́tāni) ऋता¹ (ṛ́tā¹)

¹Vedic

Adverb

ऋत • (ṛtá)

right, duly, properly, expressly, very
right, duly, properly, regularly, lawfully, according to usage or right
truly, sincerely, indeed

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: رُت (rut)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “Ṛitá”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 223, column 2.