घृत

See also: घात

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ᬖᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
• ঘৃত (Assamese script)
• ঘৃত (Bengali script)
• 𑰑𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀖𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• 𑌘𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ઘૃત (Gujarati script)
• ਘ੍ਹਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• ꦓꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
• ឃ្ឫត (Khmer script)
• ಘೃತ (Kannada script)
• ຆ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
• ഘൃത (Malayalam script)
• 𑘑𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠾᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• ᢚᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• ဃၖတ (Burmese script)
• 𑦱𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐑𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
• ଘୃତ (Odia script)
• ꢕꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆔𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖑𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
• ඝෘත (Sinhalese script)
• ఘృత (Telugu script)
• ฆฺฤต (Thai script)
• གྷྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒒𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡʱr̩.tɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡʱr̩.t̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

From घृ (ghṛ, “to rub, to ceremonially anoint, to sprinkle”) +‎ -त (-ta, verbal adjective suffix).

Cognate with Ancient Greek χριστός (khristós, “rubbed, anointed”) whence English Christ.

Adjective

घृत • (ghṛtá)

1. sprinkled

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of घृत
Nom. sg.	घृतः (ghṛtaḥ)
Gen. sg.	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृतः (ghṛtaḥ)	घृतौ (ghṛtau)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Vocative	घृत (ghṛta)	घृतौ (ghṛtau)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtam)	घृतौ (ghṛtau)	घृतान् (ghṛtān)
Instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛtena)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaiḥ)
Dative	घृताय (ghṛtāya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtāt)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtānām)
Locative	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛteṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of घृत
Nom. sg.	घृता (ghṛtā)
Gen. sg.	घृतायाः (ghṛtāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृता (ghṛtā)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Vocative	घृते (ghṛte)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Accusative	घृताम् (ghṛtām)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Instrumental	घृतया (ghṛtayā)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृताभिः (ghṛtābhiḥ)
Dative	घृतायै (ghṛtāyai)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtābhyaḥ)
Ablative	घृतायाः (ghṛtāyāḥ)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtābhyaḥ)
Genitive	घृतायाः (ghṛtāyāḥ)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtānām)
Locative	घृतायाम् (ghṛtāyām)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतासु (ghṛtāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of घृत
Nom. sg.	घृतम् (ghṛtam)
Gen. sg.	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृतम् (ghṛtam)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतानि (ghṛtāni)
Vocative	घृत (ghṛta)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतानि (ghṛtāni)
Accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtam)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतानि (ghṛtāni)
Instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛtena)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaiḥ)
Dative	घृताय (ghṛtāya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtāt)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtānām)
Locative	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛteṣu)

Noun

घृत • (ghṛtá) root form, n

1. ghee i.e. clarified butter or butter which has been boiled gently and allowed to cool (it is used for culinary and religious purposes and is highly esteemed by the Hindus), fat (as an emblem of fertility), fluid grease, cream
2. the spiritual bliss obtained from the divine cow (Vedic)
   • RV 1.87.2d
   • RV 1.134.6g

     बभ्रवे नु सवतवसे ऽरुणाय दिविस्प्र्शे
     विश्वा इत ते धेनवो दुह्र आशिरं घृतं दुह्रत आशिरम

     babhrave nu savatavase ʼruṇāya divisprśe
     viśvā ita te dhenavo duhra āśiraṃ ghṛtaṃ duhrata āśirama

     Yea, poured by all invoking tribes who free themselves from taint of sin,
     For thee all cows are milked to yield the Soma-milk, to yield the butter and the milk.

3. (= उदक (udaka)) fertilizing rain (considered as the fat which drops from heaven), water
4. name of a son of Dharma (grandson of Anu and father of Duduha)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of घृत (ghṛtá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृतम् ghṛtám	घृते ghṛté	घृतानि / घृता¹ ghṛtā́ni / ghṛtā́¹
Vocative	घृत ghṛ́ta	घृते ghṛ́te	घृतानि / घृता¹ ghṛ́tāni / ghṛ́tā¹
Accusative	घृतम् ghṛtám	घृते ghṛté	घृतानि / घृता¹ ghṛtā́ni / ghṛtā́¹
Instrumental	घृतेन ghṛténa	घृताभ्याम् ghṛtā́bhyām	घृतैः / घृतेभिः¹ ghṛtaíḥ / ghṛtébhiḥ¹
Dative	घृताय ghṛtā́ya	घृताभ्याम् ghṛtā́bhyām	घृतेभ्यः ghṛtébhyaḥ
Ablative	घृतात् ghṛtā́t	घृताभ्याम् ghṛtā́bhyām	घृतेभ्यः ghṛtébhyaḥ
Genitive	घृतस्य ghṛtásya	घृतयोः ghṛtáyoḥ	घृतानाम् ghṛtā́nām
Locative	घृते ghṛté	घृतयोः ghṛtáyoḥ	घृतेषु ghṛtéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Dameli: giŕu
  • Kashmiri: گیێو‎ (gyev)
  • Phalura: گھیڑ‎ (ghīṛ)
  • Savi: giṛ
  • Shina: گِ‎ (gi), گِیہ‎ (gīh), گھِی‎ (ghī)
  • Shumashti: gə̄t
  • Torwali: گھِیت‎ (ghīt)
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: gíu
• Pali: ghata
• Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀅 (ghia), 𑀖𑀬 (ghaya)
  • Central:
    • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
      • Awadhi: घिउ (ghiu)
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida)
      • Braj: घी (ghī)
      • Domaaki: گری (giryu)
      • Hindustani:

        Hindi: घी (ghī)

        • → English: ghee

        Urdu: گھی‎ (ghī)

      • Romani: gir, giri, gres, khil
        • Lomavren: Քըլ (Kʿəl)
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀅 (ghia)
      • Assamese: ঘিঁউ (ghĩu)
      • Bengali: ঘি (ghi)
      • Bihari: घ्यू (ghyū)
        • Bhojpuri: ghīv

          Kaithi script: 𑂐𑂲𑂫

          Devanagari script: घीव

        • Maithili: घी (ghī)
    • Rohingya: gíi
  • Northern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Central Pahari:
        • Garhwali: घिउ (ghiu)
        • Kumaoni: घ्यूँ (ghyū̃)
      • Eastern Pahari:
        • Nepali: घिउ (ghiu)
      • Western Pahari:
        • Bhadrawahi: घी (ghī), घिउ (ghiu)
  • Northwestern:
    • Khasa Prakrit:
      • Takka Apabhramsa:
        • Lahnda: گھءو‎ (ghiū)
        • Punjabi: ਘਿਉ (ghiu), ਘੇ (ghe), ਘੇਵ (ghev), ਘੇਉ (gheu), ਘੇਓ (gheo)
      • Vracada Apabhramsa:
        • Sindhi: gihu

          Arabic script: گِهُ‎

          Devanagari script: गिहु

          • Kachchi: ઘી (ghī)
  • Southern:
    • Helu Prakrit:
      • ⇒ Dhivehi: ގިތެއު‎ (giteu)
      • Sinhalese: ගිය (giya)
        • ⇒ Sinhalese: ගිතෙල් (gitel)
    • Maharastri Prakrit:
      • Konkani: ghī

        Devanagari script: घी

        Kannada script: ಘೀ

        Latin script: ghi

      • Marathi: घी (ghī)
  • Western:
    • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida)
      • Gujarati: ઘી (ghī)

Related terms

• सर्पिस् (sarpís)

Etymology 2

From घृ (ghṛ, “to shine, burn”) +‎ -त (-ta, verbal adjective suffix).

Adjective

घृत • (ghṛtá)

1. illumined

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of घृत
Nom. sg.	घृतः (ghṛtaḥ)
Gen. sg.	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृतः (ghṛtaḥ)	घृतौ (ghṛtau)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Vocative	घृत (ghṛta)	घृतौ (ghṛtau)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtam)	घृतौ (ghṛtau)	घृतान् (ghṛtān)
Instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛtena)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaiḥ)
Dative	घृताय (ghṛtāya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtāt)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtānām)
Locative	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛteṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of घृत
Nom. sg.	घृता (ghṛtā)
Gen. sg.	घृतायाः (ghṛtāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृता (ghṛtā)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Vocative	घृते (ghṛte)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Accusative	घृताम् (ghṛtām)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृताः (ghṛtāḥ)
Instrumental	घृतया (ghṛtayā)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृताभिः (ghṛtābhiḥ)
Dative	घृतायै (ghṛtāyai)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtābhyaḥ)
Ablative	घृतायाः (ghṛtāyāḥ)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृताभ्यः (ghṛtābhyaḥ)
Genitive	घृतायाः (ghṛtāyāḥ)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtānām)
Locative	घृतायाम् (ghṛtāyām)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतासु (ghṛtāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of घृत
Nom. sg.	घृतम् (ghṛtam)
Gen. sg.	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घृतम् (ghṛtam)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतानि (ghṛtāni)
Vocative	घृत (ghṛta)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतानि (ghṛtāni)
Accusative	घृतम् (ghṛtam)	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतानि (ghṛtāni)
Instrumental	घृतेन (ghṛtena)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतैः (ghṛtaiḥ)
Dative	घृताय (ghṛtāya)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Ablative	घृतात् (ghṛtāt)	घृताभ्याम् (ghṛtābhyām)	घृतेभ्यः (ghṛtebhyaḥ)
Genitive	घृतस्य (ghṛtasya)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतानाम् (ghṛtānām)
Locative	घृते (ghṛte)	घृतयोः (ghṛtayoḥ)	घृतेषु (ghṛteṣu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “घृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0378.
• Monier Williams (1899), “घृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0379.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ghrta”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 243