चरित्र

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चरित्र (caritra).

Pronunciation

• (Hindi) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃə.ɾɪt̪.ɾᵊ/, [t͡ʃɐ.ɾɪt̪.ɾᵊ]

Noun

चरित्र • (caritra) m

1. conduct, behaviour
2. (good) character, nature

   बिना चरित्र आदमी जानवर होता है।

   binā caritra ādmī jānvar hotā hai.

   A man without character is an animal.

3. (literature) a character

   चरित्र-चित्रण ― caritra-citraṇ ― portrayal of a character

Declension

Declension of चरित्र (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	चरित्र caritra	चरित्र caritra
oblique	चरित्र caritra	चरित्रों caritrõ
vocative	चरित्र caritra	चरित्रो caritro

Derived terms

• चरित्रांकन (caritrāṅkan)
• चरित्र-भ्रष्ट (caritra-bhraṣṭ)
• चरित्रवान (caritravān)
• चरित्रहीन (caritrahīn)

Further reading

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “चरित्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 305

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चरित्र (caritra).

Pronunciation

• (Nepali) IPA^(key): [t͡sʌɾit̪rʌ]

Noun

चरित्र • (caritra)

1. conduct, behaviour
2. moral character

Further reading

• “चरित्र”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎^[1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
• Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993), “चरित्र”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• চৰিত্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬘᬭᬶᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• চরিত্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰓𑰨𑰰𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀘𑀭𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• စရိတြ (Burmese script)
• ચરિત્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਚਰਿਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌚𑌰𑌿𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦕꦫꦶꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂒𑂩𑂱𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಚರಿತ್ರ (Kannada script)
• ចរិត្រ (Khmer script)
• ຈຣິຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• ചരിത്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᢜᠠᡵᡳᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘓𑘨𑘱𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢋᠠᠷᠢᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦳𑧈𑧒𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐔𑐬𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଚରିତ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢗꢬꢶꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆖𑆫𑆴𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖓𑖨𑖰𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• චරිත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩡𑩼𑩑𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚏𑚤𑚮𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• சரித்ர (Tamil script)
• చరిత్ర (Telugu script)
• จริตฺร (Thai script)
• ཙ་རི་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒔𑒩𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨣𑨫𑨁𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-i-tro-m, from *kʷel- (“to walk”). From the root चर् (car, “to move”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ.ɾít.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ.ɾit̪.ɾɐ/

Noun

च॒रित्र॑ • (carítra) stem, n

1. a foot, leg
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
2. going
3. acting, behaviour, habit, practice
4. nature, disposition

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of च॒रित्र॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	च॒रित्र॑म् (carítram)	च॒रित्रे॑ (carítre)	च॒रित्रा॑णि (carítrāṇi) च॒रित्रा॑¹ (carítrā¹)
accusative	च॒रित्र॑म् (carítram)	च॒रित्रे॑ (carítre)	च॒रित्रा॑णि (carítrāṇi) च॒रित्रा॑¹ (carítrā¹)
instrumental	च॒रित्रे॑ण (carítreṇa)	च॒रित्रा॑भ्याम् (carítrābhyām)	च॒रित्रैः॑ (carítraiḥ) च॒रित्रे॑भिः¹ (carítrebhiḥ¹)
dative	च॒रित्रा॑य (carítrāya)	च॒रित्रा॑भ्याम् (carítrābhyām)	च॒रित्रे॑भ्यः (carítrebhyaḥ)
ablative	च॒रित्रा॑त् (carítrāt)	च॒रित्रा॑भ्याम् (carítrābhyām)	च॒रित्रे॑भ्यः (carítrebhyaḥ)
genitive	च॒रित्र॑स्य (carítrasya)	च॒रित्र॑योः (carítrayoḥ)	च॒रित्रा॑णाम् (carítrāṇām)
locative	च॒रित्रे॑ (carítre)	च॒रित्र॑योः (carítrayoḥ)	च॒रित्रे॑षु (carítreṣu)
vocative	चरि॑त्र (cáritra)	चरि॑त्रे (cáritre)	चरि॑त्राणि (cáritrāṇi) चरि॑त्रा¹ (cáritrā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Hindi: चरित्र (caritra) (learned)
• → Nepali: चरित्र (caritra) (learned)
• → Tamil: சரித்திரம் (carittiram) (learned)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “चरित्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 390/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 534