पार

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀭 (pāra), from Sanskrit पार (pāra).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pɑːɾ/, [päːɾ]

Noun

पार • (pār) m (Urdu spelling پار)

1. the other side

   नदी का पार ― nadī kā pār ― the opposite bank of the river

   पार उतारना ― pār utārnā ― to cross

2. limit, end

Declension

Declension of पार (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पार pār	पार pār
oblique	पार pār	पारों pārõ
vocative	पार pār	पारो pāro

Adverb

पार • (pār) (Urdu spelling پار)

1. across, on the other side

Derived terms

• आर-पार (ār-pār)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884) “पार”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “पार”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pārá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পাৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
• পার (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ပါရ (Burmese script)
• પાર (Gujarati script)
• ਪਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಾರ (Kannada script)
• បារ (Khmer script)
• ປາຣ (Lao script)
• പാര (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
• ପାର (Odia script)
• ꢦꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
• පාර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
• பார (Tamil script)
• పార (Telugu script)
• ปาร (Thai script)
• པཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go through, carry forth”), related to पृ (pṛ, “to bring over”) and Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑː.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑː.ɾɐ/

Adjective

पार • (pāra) stem

1. bringing across

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पार (pāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारः pāraḥ	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पाराः / पारासः¹ pārāḥ / pārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पार pāra	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पाराः / पारासः¹ pārāḥ / pārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पारम् pāram	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पारान् pārān
Instrumental	पारेण pāreṇa	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारैः / पारेभिः¹ pāraiḥ / pārebhiḥ¹
Dative	पाराय pārāya	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Ablative	पारात् pārāt	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Genitive	पारस्य pārasya	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारे pāre	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारेषु pāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of पारा (pārā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारा pārā	पारे pāre	पाराः pārāḥ
Vocative	पारे pāre	पारे pāre	पाराः pārāḥ
Accusative	पाराम् pārām	पारे pāre	पाराः pārāḥ
Instrumental	पारया / पारा¹ pārayā / pārā¹	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पाराभिः pārābhiḥ
Dative	पारायै pārāyai	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पाराभ्यः pārābhyaḥ
Ablative	पारायाः / पारायै² pārāyāḥ / pārāyai²	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पाराभ्यः pārābhyaḥ
Genitive	पारायाः / पारायै² pārāyāḥ / pārāyai²	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारायाम् pārāyām	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारासु pārāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पार (pāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारम् pāram	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Vocative	पार pāra	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Accusative	पारम् pāram	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Instrumental	पारेण pāreṇa	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारैः / पारेभिः¹ pāraiḥ / pārebhiḥ¹
Dative	पाराय pārāya	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Ablative	पारात् pārāt	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Genitive	पारस्य pārasya	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारे pāre	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारेषु pāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

पार • (pāra) stem, n

1. the further bank or shore or boundary, any bank or shore, the opposite side, the end or limit of anything, the utmost reach or fullest extent

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पार (pāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारम् pāram	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Vocative	पार pāra	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Accusative	पारम् pāram	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Instrumental	पारेण pāreṇa	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारैः / पारेभिः¹ pāraiḥ / pārebhiḥ¹
Dative	पाराय pārāya	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Ablative	पारात् pārāt	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Genitive	पारस्य pārasya	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारे pāre	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारेषु pāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

पार • (pāra) stem, m

1. crossing
2. quicksilver
3. a particular personification
4. name of a sage

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पार (pāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारः pāraḥ	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पाराः / पारासः¹ pārāḥ / pārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पार pāra	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पाराः / पारासः¹ pārāḥ / pārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पारम् pāram	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पारान् pārān
Instrumental	पारेण pāreṇa	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारैः / पारेभिः¹ pāraiḥ / pārebhiḥ¹
Dative	पाराय pārāya	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Ablative	पारात् pārāt	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Genitive	पारस्य pārasya	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारे pāre	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारेषु pāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 619/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 122