पार

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀭 (pāra), from Sanskrit पार (pāra).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /pɑːɾ/, [päːɾ]

Noun

पार • (pār) m (Urdu spelling پار)

1. the other side

   नदी का पार ― nadī kā pār ― the opposite bank of the river

   पार उतारना ― pār utārnā ― to cross

2. limit, end

Declension

Declension of पार (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पार pār	पार pār
oblique	पार pār	पारों pārõ
vocative	पार pār	पारो pāro

Adverb

पार • (pār) (Urdu spelling پار)

1. across, on the other side

Derived terms

• आर-पार (ār-pār)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884), “पार”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “पार”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “pārá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পাৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
• পার (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ပါရ (Burmese script)
• પાર (Gujarati script)
• ਪਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಾರ (Kannada script)
• បារ (Khmer script)
• ປາຣ (Lao script)
• പാര (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
• ପାର (Odia script)
• ꢦꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
• පාර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
• பார (Tamil script)
• పార (Telugu script)
• ปาร (Thai script)
• པཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-

Sanskrit पार

From Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go through, carry forth”), related to पृ (pṛ, “to bring over”) and Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”).

The noun "the further bank" might be a vriddhi derivative of पर (pára, “far, distant”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑː.ɾɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɑː.ɾɐ/

Adjective

पा॒र • (pārá) stem

1. bringing across

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पा॒र

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒रः (pāráḥ)	पा॒रौ (pāráu) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)	पा॒राः (pārā́ḥ) पा॒रासः॑¹ (pārā́saḥ¹)
accusative	पा॒रम् (pārám)	पा॒रौ (pāráu) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)	पा॒रान् (pārā́n)
instrumental	पा॒रेण॑ (pāréṇa)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रैः (pāráiḥ) पा॒रेभिः॑¹ (pārébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒राय॑ (pārā́ya)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (pārébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒रात् (pārā́t)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (pārébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒रस्य॑ (pārásya)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒राणा॑म् (pārā́ṇām)
locative	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒रेषु॑ (pāréṣu)
vocative	पार॑ (pā́ra)	पारौ॑ (pā́rau) पारा॑¹ (pā́rā¹)	पाराः॑ (pā́rāḥ) पारा॑सः¹ (pā́rāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of पा॒रा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒रा (pārā́)	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒राः (pārā́ḥ)
accusative	पा॒राम् (pārā́m)	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒राः (pārā́ḥ)
instrumental	पा॒रया॑ (pāráyā) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒राभिः॑ (pārā́bhiḥ)
dative	पा॒रायै॑ (pārā́yai)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒राभ्यः॑ (pārā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒रायाः॑ (pārā́yāḥ) पा॒रायै॑² (pārā́yai²)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒राभ्यः॑ (pārā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒रायाः॑ (pārā́yāḥ) पा॒रायै॑² (pārā́yai²)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒राणा॑म् (pārā́ṇām)
locative	पा॒राया॑म् (pārā́yām)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒रासु॑ (pārā́su)
vocative	पारे॑ (pā́re)	पारे॑ (pā́re)	पाराः॑ (pā́rāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of पा॒र

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒रम् (pārám)	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒राणि॑ (pārā́ṇi) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)
accusative	पा॒रम् (pārám)	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒राणि॑ (pārā́ṇi) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)
instrumental	पा॒रेण॑ (pāréṇa)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रैः (pāráiḥ) पा॒रेभिः॑¹ (pārébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒राय॑ (pārā́ya)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (pārébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒रात् (pārā́t)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (pārébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒रस्य॑ (pārásya)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒राणा॑म् (pārā́ṇām)
locative	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒रेषु॑ (pāréṣu)
vocative	पार॑ (pā́ra)	पारे॑ (pā́re)	पारा॑णि (pā́rāṇi) पारा॑¹ (pā́rā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

पा॒र • (pārá) stem, n

1. the further bank or shore or boundary, any bank or shore, the opposite side, the end or limit of anything, the utmost reach or fullest extent

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पा॒र

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पा॒रम् (pārám)	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒राणि॑ (pārā́ṇi) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)
accusative	पा॒रम् (pārám)	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒राणि॑ (pārā́ṇi) पा॒रा¹ (pārā́¹)
instrumental	पा॒रेण॑ (pāréṇa)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रैः (pāráiḥ) पा॒रेभिः॑¹ (pārébhiḥ¹)
dative	पा॒राय॑ (pārā́ya)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (pārébhyaḥ)
ablative	पा॒रात् (pārā́t)	पा॒राभ्या॑म् (pārā́bhyām)	पा॒रेभ्यः॑ (pārébhyaḥ)
genitive	पा॒रस्य॑ (pārásya)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒राणा॑म् (pārā́ṇām)
locative	पा॒रे (pāré)	पा॒रयोः॑ (pāráyoḥ)	पा॒रेषु॑ (pāréṣu)
vocative	पार॑ (pā́ra)	पारे॑ (pā́re)	पारा॑णि (pā́rāṇi) पारा॑¹ (pā́rā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

पार • (pāra) stem, m

1. crossing
2. quicksilver
3. a particular personification
4. name of a sage

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पार

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पारः (pāraḥ)	पारौ (pārau) पारा¹ (pārā¹)	पाराः (pārāḥ) पारासः¹ (pārāsaḥ¹)
accusative	पारम् (pāram)	पारौ (pārau) पारा¹ (pārā¹)	पारान् (pārān)
instrumental	पारेण (pāreṇa)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारैः (pāraiḥ) पारेभिः¹ (pārebhiḥ¹)
dative	पाराय (pārāya)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारेभ्यः (pārebhyaḥ)
ablative	पारात् (pārāt)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारेभ्यः (pārebhyaḥ)
genitive	पारस्य (pārasya)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पाराणाम् (pārāṇām)
locative	पारे (pāre)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारेषु (pāreṣu)
vocative	पार (pāra)	पारौ (pārau) पारा¹ (pārā¹)	पाराः (pārāḥ) पारासः¹ (pārāsaḥ¹)

• ¹Vedic