संग्राम

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit संग्राम (saṃgrāma).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /səŋ.ɡɾɑːm/, [sɐ̃ŋ.ɡɾä̃ːm]

Noun

संग्राम • (saṅgrām) m

1. battle, war, fight

   Synonyms: युद्ध (yuddh), लड़ाई (laṛāī)

Declension

Declension of संग्राम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	संग्राम saṅgrām	संग्राम saṅgrām
oblique	संग्राम saṅgrām	संग्रामों saṅgrāmõ
vocative	संग्राम saṅgrām	संग्रामो saṅgrāmo

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “संग्राम”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• “संग्राम”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “संग्राम”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “संग्राम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit संग्राम (saṃgrāma).

Noun

संग्राम • (saṅgrām) m

1. (literary) battle, armed conflict, warfare

   Synonyms: लढाई (laḍhāī), युद्ध (yuddha)

2. hostile attitudes or behaviour between people

Declension

Declension of संग्राम (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	संग्राम saṅgrāma
direct plural	संग्राम saṅgrāma
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	संग्राम saṅgrāma		संग्राम saṅgrāma
oblique सामान्यरूप	संग्रामा saṅgrāmaā		संग्रामां- saṅgrāmaān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	संग्रामाला saṅgrāmaālā		संग्रामांना saṅgrāmaānnā
ergative	संग्रामाने, संग्रामानं saṅgrāmaāne, saṅgrāmaāna		संग्रामांनी saṅgrāmaānnī
instrumental	संग्रामाशी saṅgrāmaāśī		संग्रामांशी saṅgrāmaānśī
locative सप्तमी	संग्रामात saṅgrāmaāt		संग्रामांत saṅgrāmaāt
vocative संबोधन	संग्रामा saṅgrāmaā		संग्रामांनो saṅgrāmaānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of संग्राम (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	संग्रामाचा saṅgrāmaāċā	संग्रामाचे saṅgrāmaāċe	संग्रामाची saṅgrāmaācī	संग्रामाच्या saṅgrāmaācā	संग्रामाचे, संग्रामाचं saṅgrāmaāċe, saṅgrāmaāċa	संग्रामाची saṅgrāmaācī	संग्रामाच्या saṅgrāmaācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	संग्रामांचा saṅgrāmaānċā	संग्रामांचे saṅgrāmaānċe	संग्रामांची saṅgrāmaāñcī	संग्रामांच्या saṅgrāmaāncā	संग्रामांचे, संग्रामांचं saṅgrāmaānċe, saṅgrāmaānċa	संग्रामांची saṅgrāmaāñcī	संग्रामांच्या saṅgrāmaāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “संग्राम”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সংগ্ৰাম (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬂᬕ᭄ᬭᬵᬫ (Balinese script)
• সংগ্রাম (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰽𑰐𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀁𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• သံဂြာမ (Burmese script)
• સંગ્રામ (Gujarati script)
• ਸਂਗ੍ਰਾਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌂𑌗𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌮 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦁꦒꦿꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂁𑂏𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂧 (Kaithi script)
• ಸಂಗ್ರಾಮ (Kannada script)
• សំគ្រាម (Khmer script)
• ສໍຄ຺ຣາມ (Lao script)
• സംഗ്രാമ (Malayalam script)
• ᢀ᠋ᠰ᠌ᠠᡤᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘽𑘐𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᢀ᠋ᠰᠠᠺᠷᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧞𑦰𑧠𑧈𑧑𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑑄𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐩 (Newa script)
• ସଂଗ୍ରାମ (Odia script)
• ꢱꢀꢔ꣄ꢬꢵꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆁𑆓𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖽𑖐𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖦 (Siddham script)
• සංග්‍රාම (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑪖𑩞 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩴 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚫𑚌𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚢 (Takri script)
• ஸஂக்³ராம (Tamil script)
• సంగ్రామ (Telugu script)
• สํคฺราม (Thai script)
• སཾ་གྲཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑓀𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨸𑨍𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

सम्- (sam-) +‎ ग्राम (grāma).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐŋ.ɡɾɑː.mɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐŋˈɡɾɑː.mɐ/

Noun

संग्राम • (saṃgrāma) stem, m

1. battle, war, fight, combat, conflict, hostile encounter

   Synonym: युद्ध (yuddha)

Descendants

• Dhivehi: ހަނގުރާމަ (haⁿgurāma)
• Khmer: សង្គ្រាម (sɑngkriəm)
• Lao: ສົງຄາມ (song khām)
• Telugu: సంగ్రామము (saṅgrāmamu)
• Thai: สงคราม (sǒng-kraam)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “संग्राम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1129, column 3.