ἀπό
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ἀπ’ (ap’) — apocopic
- ἀφ’ (aph’) — apocopic, before vowel with rough breathing
- ἀπύ (apú) — Aeolic, Arcadocypriot
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *apó, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”).[1]
Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀢 (a-pu), Sanskrit अप (ápa, “away, off”), Latin ab (“from”), Proto-Slavic *po, and Proto-Germanic *ab (English of; see also after), Albanian pa (“without”).
The genitive is from the PIE ablative of separation or cause.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.pó/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈpo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈpo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈpo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈpo/
Preposition
[edit]ᾰ̓πό • (apó) (governs the genitive)
- from, away from
- because of, as a result of
- in the name of
Usage notes
[edit]As is the case with most Greek prepositions, ἀπό is a versatile word which can take the idiom of a number of English words. To further complicate matters, in Koine Greek, the distinctions between various prepositions are often blurred, leading to ἀπό fulfilling functions classically reserved for words such as ἐκ, ὑπό, and παρά.
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀπο- (apo-)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Greek: από (apó)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀπό”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 117
Further reading
[edit]- “ἀπό”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀπό”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀπό”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀπό in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἀπό in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἀπό in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἀπό”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G575 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- ἀπό in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek prepositions
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek genitive prepositions