おじゃる
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Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Changed from おいである (oide aru).
Had been used commonly from the late Muromachi period to the early Edo period.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]おじゃる • (ojaru) ←おぢやる (odyaru)?godan (stem おじゃり (ojari), past おじゃった (ojatta))
- (now dialectal, Kagoshima, Hachijō) honorific form of 来る (kuru, “to come”), 行く (iku, “to go”) and 居る (iru, “to exist (of animate objects)”) [from 16th c.]
- (now dialectal, Hachijō) polite form of 有る (aru, “to exist (of inanimate objects)”) and 居る (iru, “to exist (of animate objects)”) [from 16th c.]
- 1646, Ōkura Toraakira, “Awataguchi (粟田口)”, in Ōkura Toraakira-bon kyōgenshū (大蔵虎清本狂言集):
- 「其子細がござるか」「中々子細がおぢゃる」
- “sono shisai ga gozaru ka”“nakanaka shisai ga ojaru”
- "Did you get the details about that?" "It's quite detailed."
- 「其子細がござるか」「中々子細がおぢゃる」
- (auxiliary, now dialectal, Hachijō) indicating politeness [from 17th c.]
- 1646, Ōkura Toraakira, “Yakusui (薬水)”, in Ōkura Toraakira-bon Kyōgenshū (大蔵虎清本狂言集):
- その水はどこに出で来ておぢゃるぞ
- sono mizu wa doko ni idekite ojaru zo
- Could you inform me where that water springs up?
- その水はどこに出で来ておぢゃるぞ
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "おじゃる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | おじゃら | ojara | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | おじゃり | ojari | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | おじゃる | ojaru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | おじゃる | ojaru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | おじゃれ | ojare | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | おじゃれ | ojare | |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | おじゃられる | ojarareru | |
Causative | おじゃらせる おじゃらす |
ojaraseru ojarasu | |
Potential | おじゃれる | ojareru | |
Volitional | おじゃろう | ojarō | |
Negative | おじゃらない | ojaranai | |
Negative continuative | おじゃらず | ojarazu | |
Formal | おじゃります | ojarimasu | |
Perfective | おじゃった | ojatta | |
Conjunctive | おじゃって | ojatte | |
Hypothetical conditional | おじゃれば | ojareba |
References
[edit]- ^ “おじゃ・る[おぢゃる]
”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)