day; sky; heaven | positive (electric.); sun; male | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (天陽) | 天 | 陽 | |
simp. (天阳) | 天 | 阳 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 天 | 陽 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 透 (6) | 以 (36) |
Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 陽 (105) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | IV | III |
Fanqie | 他前切 | 與章切 |
Baxter | then | yang |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/tʰen/ | /jɨɐŋ/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/tʰen/ | /jiɐŋ/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/tʰɛn/ | /iɑŋ/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/tʰɛn/ | /jɨaŋ/ |
Li Rong |
/tʰen/ | /iaŋ/ |
Wang Li |
/tʰien/ | /jĭaŋ/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/tʰien/ | /i̯aŋ/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
tiān | yáng |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
tin1 | joeng4 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Character | 天 | 天 | 陽 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
tiān | xiān | yáng |
Middle Chinese |
‹ then › | ‹ xen › | ‹ yang › |
Old Chinese |
/*l̥ˁi[n]/ | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ (W dialect: l̥ˁ- > Hàn-time *xˁ- > MC x-) | /*laŋ/ |
English | heaven | heaven | bright |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 天 | 陽 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 12387 | 14590 |
Phonetic component |
天 | 昜 |
Rime group |
眞 | 陽 |
Rime subdivision |
1 | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
天 | 陽 |
Old Chinese |
/*qʰl'iːn/ | /*laŋ/ |
天陽