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烏塗

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

Etymology 1

		a crow; black; not a crow; black; not; empty; void	to smear; daub
trad. (烏塗)		烏	塗
simp. (乌涂)		乌	涂
alternative forms		兀禿／兀秃捂禿／捂秃污塗／污涂烏禿／乌秃兀突

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wūtu

(Zhuyin): ㄨ ˙ㄊㄨ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wūtu
  - Zhuyin: ㄨ ˙ㄊㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wutů
  - Wade–Giles: wu¹-tʻu⁵
  - Yale: wū-tu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: u.tu
  - Palladius: уту (utu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵⁵ tʰu²/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wūtur
  - Zhuyin: ㄨ ˙ㄊㄨㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wutůr
  - Wade–Giles: wu¹-tʻu⁵-ʼrh
  - Yale: wū-tur
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: u.tul
  - Palladius: утур (utur)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵⁵ tʰuɻʷ²/

Adjective

烏塗

(Mandarin, colloquial) lukewarm
- 2002, 葛均义, 浮世, Beijing: 中国文联出版社, →ISBN, page 75:
  
  小街的茶馆儿，一壶劣质的茉莉花，半开不开的乌涂水，喝与不喝，只硬塞给你了。 [MSC, simp.]
  小街的茶館兒，一壺劣質的茉莉花，半開不開的烏塗水，喝與不喝，只硬塞給你了。 [MSC, trad.]
  Xiǎojiē de cháguǎnr, yī hú lièzhì de mòlìhuā, bàn kāi bù kāi de wūtu shuǐ, hē yǔ bù hē, zhǐ yìng sāi gěi nǐ le. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(Mandarin, colloquial) unclear; not straightforward; indecisive
- 2005, 赵赵, 动什么，別动感情, Wuhan: 长江文艺出版社, →ISBN, page 171:
  
  “一个平时性格如此乌涂的人，突然在关键时刻大放异彩，扮演了正义者的角色……” [MSC, simp.]
  “一個平時性格如此烏塗的人，突然在關鍵時刻大放異彩，扮演了正義者的角色……” [MSC, trad.]
  “Yī ge píngshí xìnggé rúcǐ wūtu de rén, tūrán zài guānjiàn shíkè dàfàngyìcǎi, bànyǎnle zhèngyìzhě de juésè......” [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Etymology 2

		black	earth; dirt; soil
trad. (烏塗)		烏	塗
simp. (乌涂)		乌	涂
alternative forms		烏土／乌土

Pronunciation

Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ou¹ tou²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): o͘-thô͘

Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ou¹ tou² [Phonetic: ou⁵ lou²]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: o-tó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔu⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^(tʰ-)lɔu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ou¹ tou² [Phonetic: ou⁵ tou²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔu⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ tʰɔu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Singapore, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘-thô͘
  - Tâi-lô: oo-thôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: o'too
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Singapore): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ³³ tʰɔ²⁴/

Noun

烏塗

(Hokkien, Puxian Min) black dirt
(Singapore Hokkien) opium

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鴉片 (“opium”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		阿芙蓉
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鴉片, 阿片
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	鴉片
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	鴉片
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	大煙
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	大煙
	Wanrong	洋煙
	Xi'an	大煙
	Xining	鴉片煙, 洋煙
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	大煙, 洋煙
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	鴉片煙
Southwestern Mandarin	Guiyang	鴉片煙, 大煙
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	大煙
Cantonese	Guangzhou	大煙, 福壽膏, 黑米
Cantonese	Hong Kong	鴉片, 大煙, 福壽膏
Gan	Nanchang	鴉片煙
Gan	Pengze	鴉片
Hakka	Xingning	土哩
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鴉片, 鴉片煙
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鴉片, 鴉片煙
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鴉片, 鴉片煙
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鴉片, 鴉片煙
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鴉片, 鴉片薰
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鴉片, 鴉片薰
Huizhou	Jixi	烏煙
Jin	Taiyuan	洋煙
Jin	Xinzhou	洋煙
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鴉片, 鴉片泥
Southern Min	Xiamen	烏薰
	Quanzhou	烏薰
	Jinjiang	烏薰
	Zhangzhou	烏薰
	Tainan	鴉片
	Penang (Hokkien)	鴉片
	Singapore (Hokkien)	烏塗, 薰塗
	Manila (Hokkien)	烏薰, 鴉片
Puxian Min	Putian	鴉片
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	烏薰
	Xianyou	鴉片
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	鴉片煙
Wu	Shanghai	鴉片, 阿芙蓉, 黑佬
	Shanghai (Chongming)	大煙
	Suzhou	鴉片煙
	Wenzhou	烏煙

Derived terms

References

小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “烏土”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
周长楫 [Zhōu Chángjí], 周清海 [Zhōu Qīnghǎi], editors (2002), “乌涂”, in 新加坡闽南话词典 (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Beijing: 中国社会科学出版社 [China Social Sciences Press], →ISBN, page 104.
“烏塗”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2026.

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