着く
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 着 |
| つ Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Tokyo) つく [tsúꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) つく [tsùkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2]) non-lexical pitch that some speakers employ to reconcile coinciding devoicing and accenting
- IPA(key): [t͡sɨkɯ̟]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 着く
| Plain | 着く | つく | [tsúꜜkù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 着いて | ついて | [tsúꜜìtè] |
| Perfective | 着いた | ついた | [tsúꜜìtà] |
| Negative | 着かない | つかない | [tsùkáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 着かなかった | つかなかった | [tsùkáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 着けば | つけば | [tsúꜜkèbà] |
| Past conditional | 着いたら | ついたら | [tsúꜜìtàrà] |
| Imperative | 着け | つけ | [tsúꜜkè] |
| Volitional | 着こう | つこー | [tsùkóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 着きたい | つきたい | [tsùkítáꜜì] |
| Formal | 着きます | つきます | [tsùkímáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 着きません | つきません | [tsùkímáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 着きましょう | つきましょー | [tsùkímáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 着きました | つきました | [tsùkímáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 着き 着きに |
つき つきに |
[tsúꜜkì] [tsúꜜkì nì] |
| Negative continuative | 着かず 着かずに |
つかず つかずに |
[tsùkáꜜzù] [tsùkáꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 着かれる | つかれる | [tsùkáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 着かせる 着かす |
つかせる つかす |
[tsùkáséꜜrù] [tsùkáꜜsù] |
| Potential | 着ける | つける | [tsùkéꜜrù] |
Verb
[edit]着く • (tsuku) godan (stem 着き (tsuki), past 着いた (tsuita))
- to arrive, to reach a destination
- Synonym: 届く (todoku)
- to settle oneself somewhere
- テーブルに着いている ― tēburu ni tsuite iru ― to be sitting at a table
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 着か | つか | tsuka |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 着き | つき | tsuki |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 着く | つく | tsuku |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 着く | つく | tsuku |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 着け | つけ | tsuke |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 着け | つけ | tsuke |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 着かれる | つかれる | tsukareru |
| Causative | 着かせる 着かす |
つかせる つかす |
tsukaseru tsukasu |
| Potential | 着ける | つける | tsukeru |
| Volitional | 着こう | つこう | tsukō |
| Negative | 着かない | つかない | tsukanai |
| Negative continuative | 着かず | つかず | tsukazu |
| Formal | 着きます | つきます | tsukimasu |
| Perfective | 着いた | ついた | tsuita |
| Conjunctive | 着いて | ついて | tsuite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 着けば | つけば | tsukeba |
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 着か | つか | tuka |
| Continuative (連用形) | 着き | つき | tuki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 着く | つく | tuku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 着く | つく | tuku |
| Realis (已然形) | 着け | つけ | tuke |
| Imperative (命令形) | 着け | つけ | tuke |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 着かず | つかず | tukazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 着けど | つけど | tukedo |
| Causal conjunction | 着けば | つけば | tukeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 着かば | つかば | tukaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 着きき | つきき | tukiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 着きけり | つきけり | tukikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 着きつ | つきつ | tukitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 着きぬ | つきぬ | tukinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 着けり 着きたり |
つけり つきたり |
tukeri tukitari |
| Volitional | 着かむ | つかむ | tukamu |
¹ In everyday speech, せら is shortened into さ in the causative passive forms of godan verbs: 着かせられる → 着かされる. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
See also
[edit]- 到着する (tōchaku suru)
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 着 |
| は Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 着く – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 着く, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
[edit]- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “着く”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 着 read as つ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with Odaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -ku
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 着 read as は