知る

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Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *siru.

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "知る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
知る [shìrú]
Imperative (命令形) 知れ [shìré]
Key constructions
Passive 知られる られる [shìrárérú]
Causative 知らせる らせる [shìrásérú]
Potential 知れる れる [shìrérú]
Volitional 知ろう [shìróꜜò]
Negative 知らない らない [shìránáí]
Negative perfective 知らなかった らなかった [shìránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 知ります りま [shìrímáꜜsù]
Perfective 知った った [shìttá]
Conjunctive 知って って [shìtté]
Hypothetical conditional 知れば [shìréꜜbà]

Verb

() (shirugodan (stem () (shiri), past ()った (shitta))

Japanese verb pair
active 知る
mediopassive 知れる
  1. know something
    キムさんの(でん)()(ばん)(ごう)()っていますか。
    Kimu-san no denwabangō o shitte imasuka.
    Do you know Kim's telephone number?
    すみません、あなたの()(まえ)()りません
    Sumimasen, anata no namae o shirimasen.
    I'm sorry, I don't know your name.
  2. get to know; find; realize
    • 1944 February 8, Ango Sakaguchi, 歴史と事実 [History and Facts]‎[1]:
      (われ)(われ)()(りょう)によって(れき)()()
      Wareware wa shiryō ni yotte rekishi o shiru.
      We realize history through historic materials.
  3. tell the difference
  4. know details of something
  5. be able to understand certain feeling of someone else
  6. foresee
  7. experience
  8. know somebody
  9. have something to do with something

Conjugation

Synonyms

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References

  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.