繕う
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 繕 |
| つくろ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]/tukura pu/ → /t͡sukurəfu/ → /t͡sukurofu/ → /t͡sukurou/
Likely first attested in the Ruiju Myōgishō (c. 12th century).
Derived from 作ら (tsukura), the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete or irrealis form”) of verb 作る (tsukuru, “to make”) + ふ (fu, auxiliary verb representing ongoing or repetitive action). The medial /-ra-/ changed early on to /-ro-/.[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 繕う
| Plain | 繕う | つくろう | [tsùkúróꜜù] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 繕って | つくろって | [tsùkúróꜜttè] |
| Perfective | 繕った | つくろった | [tsùkúróꜜttà] |
| Negative | 繕わない | つくろわない | [tsùkúrówáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 繕わなかった | つくろわなかった | [tsùkúrówáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 繕えば | つくろえば | [tsùkúróꜜèbà] |
| Past conditional | 繕ったら | つくろったら | [tsùkúróꜜttàrà] |
| Imperative | 繕え | つくろえ | [tsùkúróꜜè] |
| Volitional | 繕おう | つくろおー | [tsùkúróóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 繕いたい | つくろいたい | [tsùkúróítáꜜì] |
| Formal | 繕います | つくろいます | [tsùkúróímáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 繕いません | つくろいません | [tsùkúróímáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 繕いましょう | つくろいましょー | [tsùkúróímáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 繕いました | つくろいました | [tsùkúróímáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 繕い 繕いに |
つくろい つくろいに |
[tsùkúróꜜì] [tsùkúróꜜì nì] |
| Negative continuative | 繕わず 繕わずに |
つくろわず つくろわずに |
[tsùkúrówáꜜzù] [tsùkúrówáꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 繕われる | つくろわれる | [tsùkúrówáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 繕わせる 繕わす |
つくろわせる つくろわす |
[tsùkúrówáséꜜrù] [tsùkúrówáꜜsù] |
| Potential | 繕える | つくろえる | [tsùkúróéꜜrù] |
Verb
[edit]繕う • (tsukurou) ←つくろふ (tukurofu)?transitive godan (stem 繕い (tsukuroi), past 繕った (tsukurotta))
- to repair, mend, patch up (something damaged especially clothing, footwear, etc.)
- to treat (a wound, injury, disease, etc.)
- Synonym: 手当てする (teate suru)
- to adjust, fix (hair, clothing, appearance, etc.)
- to keep up appearances
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 繕わ | つくろわ | tsukurowa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 繕い | つくろい | tsukuroi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 繕う | つくろう | tsukurou |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 繕う | つくろう | tsukurou |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 繕え | つくろえ | tsukuroe |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 繕え | つくろえ | tsukuroe |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 繕われる | つくろわれる | tsukurowareru |
| Causative | 繕わせる 繕わす |
つくろわせる つくろわす |
tsukurowaseru tsukurowasu |
| Potential | 繕える | つくろえる | tsukuroeru |
| Volitional | 繕おう | つくろおう | tsukuroō |
| Negative | 繕わない | つくろわない | tsukurowanai |
| Negative continuative | 繕わず | つくろわず | tsukurowazu |
| Formal | 繕います | つくろいます | tsukuroimasu |
| Perfective | 繕った | つくろった | tsukurotta |
| Conjunctive | 繕って | つくろって | tsukurotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 繕えば | つくろえば | tsukuroeba |
Derived terms
[edit]Idioms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “繕う”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 繕 read as つくろ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Nakadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)
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- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -u
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
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