落ちる
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
---|
落 |
お Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Etymology
/ot͡su/ → /ot͡ʃiru/
From Old Japanese 落つ (otsu, “to fall”), which underwent the same Muromachi period shift as all 二段活用動詞 (nidan katsuyō dōshi, “bigrade-conjugation verbs”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
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- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "落ちる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
落ちる | おちる | [òchíꜜrù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 落ちろ | おちろ | [òchíꜜrò] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 落ちられる | おちられる | [òchíráréꜜrù] |
Causative | 落ちさせる | おちさせる | [òchísáséꜜrù] |
Potential | - | - | - |
Volitional | 落ちよう | おちよー | [òchíyóꜜò] |
Negative | 落ちない | おちない | [òchíꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 落ちなかった | おちなかった | [òchíꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 落ちます | おちます | [òchímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 落ちた | おちた | [óꜜchìtà] |
Conjunctive | 落ちて | おちて | [óꜜchìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 落ちれば | おちれば | [òchíꜜrèbà] |
Alternative forms
Verb
落ちる • (ochiru) intransitive ichidan (stem 落ち (ochi), past 落ちた (ochita))
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 落とす |
mediopassive | 落ちる |
- to fall
- (computing) to go down (as when a computer or application becomes unresponsive)
- (electrical engineering, of a circuit breaker) to trip
- ブレーカーが落ちた
- burēkā ga ochita
- the circuit breaker tripped
- ブレーカーが落ちた
Conjugation
Conjugation of "落ちる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 落ち | おち | ochi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 落ち | おち | ochi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 落ちる | おちる | ochiru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 落ちる | おちる | ochiru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 落ちれ | おちれ | ochire | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 落ちよ¹ 落ちろ² |
おちよ¹ おちろ² |
ochiyo¹ ochiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 落ちられる | おちられる | ochirareru | |
Causative | 落ちさせる 落ちさす |
おちさせる おちさす |
ochisaseru ochisasu | |
Potential | 落ちられる 落ちれる³ |
おちられる おちれる³ |
ochirareru ochireru³ | |
Volitional | 落ちよう | おちよう | ochiyō | |
Negative | 落ちない 落ちぬ 落ちん |
おちない おちぬ おちん |
ochinai ochinu ochin | |
Negative continuative | 落ちず | おちず | ochizu | |
Formal | 落ちます | おちます | ochimasu | |
Perfective | 落ちた | おちた | ochita | |
Conjunctive | 落ちて | おちて | ochite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 落ちれば | おちれば | ochireba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 落ち | おち | oti |
Continuative (連用形) | 落ち | おち | oti |
Terminal (終止形) | 落つ | おつ | otu |
Attributive (連体形) | 落つる | おつる | oturu |
Realis (已然形) | 落つれ | おつれ | oture |
Imperative (命令形) | 落ちよ | おちよ | otiyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 落ちず | おちず | otizu |
Contrasting conjunction | 落つれど | おつれど | oturedo |
Causal conjunction | 落つれば | おつれば | otureba |
Conditional conjunction | 落ちば | おちば | otiba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 落ちき | おちき | otiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 落ちけり | おちけり | otikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 落ちつ | おちつ | otitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 落ちぬ | おちぬ | otinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 落ちたり | おちたり | otitari |
Volitional | 落ちむ | おちむ | otimu |
Idioms
- 猿も木から落ちる (saru mo ki kara ochiru): “even monkeys fall from trees” → even the experts make mistakes
Related terms
Synonyms
See also
References
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 落 read as お
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese type 2 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- ja:Computing
- ja:Electrical engineering
- Japanese terms with usage examples