責める
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 責 |
| せ Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
Cognate with 攻める (semeru).
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "責める"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
責める | せめる | [sèméꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 責めろ | せめろ | [sèméꜜrò] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 責められる | せめられる | [sèméráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 責めさせる | せめさせる | [sèmésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 責められる | せめられる | [sèméráréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 責めよう | せめよー | [sèméyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 責めない | せめない | [sèméꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 責めなかった | せめなかった | [sèméꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 責めます | せめます | [sèmémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 責めた | せめた | [séꜜmètà] |
| Conjunctive | 責めて | せめて | [séꜜmètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 責めれば | せめれば | [sèméꜜrèbà] |
Verb
責める • (semeru) transitive ichidan (stem 責め (seme), past 責めた (semeta))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "責める" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 責め | せめ | seme | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 責め | せめ | seme | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 責める | せめる | semeru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 責める | せめる | semeru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 責めれ | せめれ | semere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 責めよ¹ 責めろ² |
せめよ¹ せめろ² |
semeyo¹ semero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 責められる | せめられる | semerareru | |
| Causative | 責めさせる 責めさす |
せめさせる せめさす |
semesaseru semesasu | |
| Potential | 責められる 責めれる³ |
せめられる せめれる³ |
semerareru semereru³ | |
| Volitional | 責めよう | せめよう | semeyō | |
| Negative | 責めない 責めぬ 責めん |
せめない せめぬ せめん |
semenai semenu semen | |
| Negative continuative | 責めず | せめず | semezu | |
| Formal | 責めます | せめます | sememasu | |
| Perfective | 責めた | せめた | semeta | |
| Conjunctive | 責めて | せめて | semete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 責めれば | せめれば | semereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 責め | せめ | seme |
| Continuative (連用形) | 責め | せめ | seme |
| Terminal (終止形) | 責む | せむ | semu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 責むる | せむる | semuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 責むれ | せむれ | semure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 責めよ | せめよ | semeyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 責めず | せめず | semezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 責むれど | せむれど | semuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 責むれば | せむれば | semureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 責めば | せめば | semeba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 責めき | せめき | semeki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 責めけり | せめけり | semekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 責めつ | せめつ | semetu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 責めぬ | せめぬ | semenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 責めたり | せめたり | semetari |
| Volitional | 責めむ | せめむ | sememu |