麻將

See also: 麻将

Chinese

		(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp (to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp; numb; to bother	phonetic
trad. (麻將)		麻	將
simp. (麻将)		麻	将

Etymology

From 麻雀 (máquè, “sparrow”), with a diminutive suffix /ŋ̍/ (syllabic velar nasal) from some Wu dialect (compare Modern Wenzhou dialect /ŋ̍/). This suffix then fused with the preceding syllable, and was conserved in the form of a nasal rime /-ŋ/. As an example compare Modern Shanghai dialect 雀 (old pron.: /t͡ɕia̠ʔ⁵⁵/) + /-ŋ̍/ → 將 /t͡ɕiã⁵³/.

The game of mahjong was called 馬吊／马吊 during the Ming and Qing dynasties, where the second syllable presumably represented a Wu dialectal pronunciation of 鳥／鸟 (niǎo) ("bird", see there for more).

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 麻將

1. mahjong
2. (chiefly Wu, dated in Shanghai) sparrow

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 麻將 (“mahjong”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		麻將
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	麻將
	Taiwan	麻將
	Ulanhot	麻將
	Tongliao	麻將
	Chifeng	麻將
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	麻將
	Harbin	麻將
	Malaysia	麻將
	Singapore	麻將
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	麻將
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	麻將
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	麻將
	Wanrong	麻將
	Xi'an	麻將
	Xining	麻將
	Xuzhou	麻將, 方城戲 humorous, 竹城戲 humorous
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	麻將
	Bayanhot	麻將
	Lanzhou	麻將
	Ürümqi	麻將
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	麻將
	Wuhan	麻將
	Guiyang	麻將, 麻雀
	Guilin	麻將
	Liuzhou	麻將
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	麻將
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	麻將
	Yangzhou	麻將牌, 麻將
Cantonese	Guangzhou	麻雀
	Hong Kong	麻雀
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	麻雀
	Macau	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	麻雀
	Foshan	麻雀
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	麻雀
	Foshan (Shunde)	麻雀
	Foshan (Sanshui)	麻雀
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	麻雀
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	麻雀
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	麻雀
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	麻雀
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	麻雀
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	麻雀
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	麻雀
	Taishan	麻雀
	Kaiping (Chikan)	麻雀
	Enping (Niujiang)	麻雀
	Heshan (Yayao)	麻雀
	Dongguan	麻雀
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	麻雀
	Qingyuan	麻雀
	Fogang	麻雀
	Yingde (Hanguang)	麻雀
	Yangshan	麻雀
	Lianshan (Butian)	麻雀
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	麻雀
	Shaoguan	麻雀
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	麻將
	Renhua	麻雀
	Lechang	麻雀
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	麻雀
	Sihui	麻將
	Guangning	麻雀
	Deqing	麻雀
	Huaiji	麻雀
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	麻雀
	Yunfu	麻雀
	Xinxing	麻雀
	Luoding	麻雀
	Yunan (Pingtai)	麻雀
	Xinyi	麻雀
	Lianjiang	麻雀
	Nanning	麻雀, 麻將
	Wuzhou	麻雀, 麻將
	Yulin	麻將
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	麻將
	Baise	麻雀
	Qinzhou	麻將
	Singapore (Guangfu)	麻雀
Gan	Nanchang	麻將
	Lichuan	麻將
	Pingxiang	麻將
Hakka	Meixian	麻雀
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	麻雀
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	麻雀
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	麻雀
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	麻雀
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	麻雀
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	麻雀
	Yudu	麻將, 貫索牌子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	麻雀
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	麻雀
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	麻雀
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	麻雀
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	麻雀
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	麻雀
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	麻將
	Singkawang	麻雀
Huizhou	Jixi	麻將
Jin	Taiyuan	麻將
	Pingyao	麻將
	Xinzhou	麻將
	Taibus (Baochang)	麻將
	Jining	麻將
	Hohhot	麻架
	Baotou	麻將
	Dongsheng	麻將
	Haibowan	麻將
Northern Min	Jian'ou	雀牌
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	麻雀
	Fuqing	麻雀
Southern Min	Xiamen	麻雀
	Quanzhou	麻雀
	Yongchun	麻雀
	Zhangzhou	麻雀
	Tainan	麻雀
	Penang (Hokkien)	麻雀
	Singapore (Hokkien)	麻雀
	Manila (Hokkien)	麻雀
	Zhangping	麻雀
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	麻將
	Shantou	麻雀
	Jieyang	麻雀
	Singapore (Teochew)	麻雀
	Leizhou	麻雀
	Wenchang	麻雀
	Haikou	麻雀
	Qionghai	麻雀
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	麻鳥
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	麻雀
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	麻雀, 麻雀牌, 麻將
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	麻將
Wu	Shanghai	麻將, 麻將牌
	Shanghai (Chongming)	麻將
	Suzhou	麻將
	Danyang	麻將, 麻將牌
	Hangzhou	麻將
	Ningbo	麻將, 麻將牌
	Wenzhou	麻將
	Jinhua	麻將
Xiang	Changsha	麻將
	Loudi	麻將
	Quanzhou	麻將

Dialectal synonyms of 麻雀 (“sparrow”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雀
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		麻雀
Taxonomic name		麻雀
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	家雀兒, 老家賊, 老家子
	Taiwan	麻雀
	Langfang	家照兒
	Ulanhot	家雀兒, 家賊
	Tongliao	家雀兒, 家賊
	Chifeng	老家子
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	家雀, 家賊
	Harbin	家雀兒, 老家賊, 家賊
	Shenyang	家雀兒
	Singapore	麻雀
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	家雀兒, 老家賊
	Tangshan	家雀兒
	Cangzhou	家雀兒
	Baoding	老家
	Shijiazhuang	家雀兒
	Jinan	家雀兒, 家雀子, 家雀
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	家雀兒, 雀兒
	Qingdao	家雀
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	小蟲兒
	Daming	小蟲兒
	Wanrong	飛蟲
	Zhengzhou	小蟲兒
	Xi'an	雀兒, 麻雀兒
	Xuzhou	小老雀兒, 老雀兒
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	麻雀子
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	麻雀子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	麻雀子
	Lanzhou	雀兒
	Ürümqi	麻雀子, 乾頭麻雀子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	麻雀, 家麻雀, 麻雀子
	Wuhan	麻雀
	Guiyang	麻雀, 瓦雀
	Kunming	小雀, 穀雀
	Guilin	麻雀
	Liuzhou	麻雀, 麻雀鳥
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	瓦雀
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	麻雀
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	麻雀
	Yangzhou	麻雀子, 麻雀
	Nantong	麻雀兒
	Hefei	麻䨂子, 麻雀子
	Huanggang	麻雀兒
Cantonese	Guangzhou	麻雀, 禾花雀, 麻甩
	Hong Kong	麻雀
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	麻雀
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	麻雀
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	麻雀仔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	麻雀
	Macau	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	禾雀
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	禾雀仔
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	麻甩
	Foshan	禾雀
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	胡雀
	Foshan (Shunde)	禾花雀
	Foshan (Sanshui)	禾雀
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	禾丫雀
	Zhongshan (Huancheng)	禾丫雀
	Zhongshan (Nanlang)	禾丫雀
	Zhongshan (Xiaolan)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Henglan)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Dongfeng)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Nantou)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Fusha)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Shalang)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Gangkou)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Huangpu)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Sanjiao)	麻甩
	Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Minzhong)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Guzhen)	禾雀
	Zhongshan (Banfu)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhongshan (Tanzhou)	禾花雀, 麻雀
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	麻雀
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	禾花雀
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	禾雀
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	禾雀
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	禾雀
	Taishan	禾雀, 麻雀
	Kaiping (Chikan)	禾雀
	Enping (Niujiang)	禾雀
	Heshan (Yayao)	禾雀
	Dongguan	麻雀, 麻鷝 Qishi
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	麻雀
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	麻雀仔
	Qingyuan	禾雀仔
	Fogang	麻雀
	Yingde (Hanguang)	禾花雀
	Yangshan	麻雀仔
	Lianshan (Butian)	麻雀
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	麻雀
	Shaoguan	麻雀
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	麻雀, 禾雀
	Renhua	禾雀仔, 禾鷝仔
	Lechang	禾雀仔, 麻雀
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	麻甩
	Sihui	麻雀, 馬騮兒
	Guangning	禾穀仔
	Deqing	禾花雀
	Huaiji	麻甩仔
	Yunfu	麻雀
	Xinxing	麻乜
	Luoding	麻雀
Yunan (Pingtai)	麻雀
Yangjiang	麻雀仔
Xinyi	麻雀
Lianjiang	麻雀仔
Nanning	麻雀
Wuzhou	麻雀仔, 禾穀雀
Yulin	麻雀
Hepu (Lianzhou)	麻啲, 禾穀雀
Beihai	麻啲
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	麻雀仔
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	麻雀仔
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	麻雀仔
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	麻雀仔
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	麻雀
Móng Cái	麻雀
Gan	Nanchang	奸雀子, 奸雀, 麻雀子, 麻雀
	Lichuan	禾接
	Pingxiang	麻雀, 麻雀鳥仔, 麻雀仔
	Guixi	麻雀鳥仂
Hakka	Meixian	禾鷝仔
	Xingning	禾鷝哩
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	麻雀, 麻雀仔, 禾花雀
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	麻雀仔
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	麻雀仔
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	麻雀
	Huidong (Daling)	禾鷝仔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	麻雀
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	禾雀
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	禾烈
	Boluo (Bendihua)	麻雀哎
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	麻雀
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	鵝鷝仔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	麻雀仔
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	禾鷝哩
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	禾鷝哩
	Wuhua (Changbu)	禾鷝哩
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	禾雀, 麻雀
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	禾雀
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	禾雀
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	禾雀
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	禾雀
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	禾雀
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	禾鷝
	Wengyuan	禾鷝仔
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	禾鷝子
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	禾雀
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	禾雀
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	禾鷝仔
	Liannan	麻雀
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	麻雀
	Jiexi	禾鷝
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	禾鷝子
	Changting	禾鷝子, 麻鷝雀哩
	Wuping	禾鷝子
	Wuping (Yanqian)	禾鷝子
	Wuping (Pingyu)	禾鷝子
	Liancheng	禾雀鳥
	Ninghua	禾鷝子, 禾雀仔
	Yudu	麻鳥子
	Ningdu	麻鳥子
	Ruijin	禾鷝子, 麻鳥子
	Shicheng	禾雀, 禾雀子
	Shangyou (Shexi)	麻鳥子
	Tonggu (Sandu)	麻鳥子
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	麻鳥子
	Dayu	麻鳥哩
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	屋角鳥, 屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	禾鷝仔, 屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	麻雀, 屋檐鳥
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	屋檐鳥
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	屋角鳥
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	屋檐鳥
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	瓦雀
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	屋檐鳥
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	瓦雀
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	必子鳥, 屋檐鳥, 屋角鳥
Hong Kong	禾鷝仔, 麻雀仔
Yangxi (Tangkou)	麻雀子
Yangchun (Sanjia)	麻雀
Xinyi (Sihe)	瓦筒雀
Xinyi (Qianpai)	麻雀
Gaozhou (Xindong)	禾鷝
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	瓦鷝子
Huazhou (Xin'an)	瓦雀子
Lianjiang (Shijiao)	穀鷝子
Lianjiang (Qingping)	鳥子
Mengshan (Xihe)	麻尾鳥
Luchuan	麻麥鳥
Sabah (Longchuan)	麻雀
Senai (Huiyang)	麻雀
Senai (Hepo)	麻雀, 禾鷝 dated
Huizhou	Jixi	麻雀
	Shexian	麻雀
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	麻雀兒
	Xiuning	米𪇹兒
	Yixian	米雀兒
	Qimen	麻雀兒
	Wuyuan	童梁, 童梁鳥, 麻雀
	Fuliang	麻雀
	Dexing	麻雀鳥
Jin	Taiyuan	雀兒, 家雀兒, 麻雀
	Pingyao	雀兒, 土雀兒, 老家雀
	Xinzhou	飛鳥兒, 小雀兒
	Linhe	老家子
	Hohhot	麻雀, 老家子
	Dongsheng	老家子
	Zhangjiakou	家雀兒
	Handan	小蟲兒
Northern Min	Jian'ou	毛隻仔, 隻仔
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	黃鷝仔
	Songxi	雀鳥仔
	Zhenghe	隻鳥仔
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	雀鳥
	Jianyang	隻仔
	Wuyishan	禾隻仔
	Pucheng (Shibei)	禾味仔, 隻仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	隻隻, 隻囝 suburban
	Fuzhou (Changle)	隻隻
	Fuqing	隻囝
	Yongtai	隻囝
	Gutian	隻鳥
	Fu'an	王鴓
	Ningde	粟鳥
	Shouning	鸕鴓
	Zhouning	隻囝
	Fuding	麻鳥
	Matsu	隻隻
Southern Min	Xiamen	粟鳥仔
	Quanzhou	粟鳥仔
	Jinjiang	粟鳥, 雀仔
	Hui'an	雀仔
	Yongchun	粟鳥
	Zhangzhou	粟鳥仔, 厝頭雀仔
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	厝頭雀仔
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	粟鳥仔
	Zhangpu	厝頭雀仔
	Zhao'an	麻鳥賊仔, 麻鳥賊
	Dongshan	松鳥仔
	Taipei	粟鳥仔
	Taipei (Wanhua)	粟鳥仔
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	粟鳥仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	粟鳥
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	粟鳥
	Kaohsiung	厝角鳥仔
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	厝角鳥仔
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	厝鳥仔
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	厝鳥
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	厝角鳥仔
	Yilan	粟鳥仔
	Yilan (Luodong)	粟鳥仔
	Yilan (Toucheng)	粟鳥仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	粟鳥仔
	Taichung	厝鳥仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	粟鳥仔
	Tainan	厝角鳥, 厝角鳥仔
	Tainan (Anping)	厝角鳥仔
	Taitung	厝鳥仔
	Hsinchu	粟鳥仔, 厝鳥仔
	Kinmen	杙鳥仔
	Penghu (Magong)	厝角鳥, 厝鳥
	Penghu (Xiyu)	厝角鳥
	Penang (Hokkien)	粟仔鳥, 麻雀鳥
	Singapore (Hokkien)	粟鳥仔, 粟鳥, 麻雀
	Datian	檐賓仔
	Chaozhou	麻雀
	Shantou	麻雀
	Jieyang	麻雀
	Haifeng	麻雀
	Bangkok (Teochew)	麻雀
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	麻雀
	Leizhou	鳥暝
	Wenchang	鳥暝
	Haikou	鳥暝
	Qionghai	雀暝
Puxian Min	Putian	鳥囝
	Xianyou	鳥囝
Central Min	Yong'an	麻雀仔, 百家鷂, 禾穀仔
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	斑雀仔
	Sanming (Shaxian)	雀仔
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	麻鳥, 禾花雀
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	偷飯雀, 麻鷝雀, 麻雀
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	麻雀
Shehua	Fuding	麻鳥
	Sanming	八哥鳥
	Hua'an	麻雀
	Jingning (Hexi)	食穀鳥
	Chaozhou	麻雀
	Fengshun	禾鷝
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	麻雀子
Wu	Shanghai	麻雀, 麻將鳥, 麻將 dated, 麻鳥 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	麻將
	Suzhou	麻雀
	Wuxi	麻雀, 麻雀子
	Danyang	麻雀, 麻雀雀, 麻雀子
	Hangzhou	麻雀兒, 雀兒
	Ningbo	麻將
	Wenzhou	雀兒, 吃穀雀兒
	Jinhua	麻雀兒, 麻雀
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	麻雀兒
Xiang	Changsha	麻雀子, 麻雀
	Loudi	麻雀子
	Shuangfeng	麻賊子
	Quanzhou	麻雀

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (麻將):

• → Japanese: 麻(マー)雀(ジャン) (mājan)
• → Korean: 마장(麻將) (majang)

Others:

• → English: mahjong