麻將

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See also: 麻将

Chinese

(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp
(to have) pins and needles; tingling; hemp; numb; to bother
 
phonetic
trad. (麻將)
simp. (麻将)
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Etymology

From 麻雀 (máquè, “sparrow”), with a diminutive suffix /ŋ̍/ (syllabic velar nasal) from some Wu dialect (compare Modern Wenzhou dialect /ŋ̍/). This suffix then fused with the preceding syllable, and was conserved in the form of a nasal rime /-ŋ/. As an example compare Modern Shanghai dialect (old pron.: /t͡ɕia̠ʔ⁵⁵/) + /-ŋ̍/ /t͡ɕiã⁵³/.

The game of mahjong was called 馬吊马吊 during the Ming and Qing dynasties, where the second syllable presumably represented a Wu dialectal pronunciation of (niǎo) ("bird", see there for more).

Pronunciation

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Noun

(deprecated template usage) 麻將

  1. mahjong
  2. (chiefly Wu, dated in Shanghai) sparrow

Synonyms

(deprecated template usage)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (麻將):
  • Japanese: (マー)(ジャン) (mājan)
  • Korean: 마장(麻將) (majang)

Others: