ꜥq

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ʕaːqʼ/ → /ʕaːqʼ/ → /ʕoːqʼ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʕaːqʼ/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʕaːqʼ/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ʕoːqʼ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑːk/
  • Conventional anglicization: aq

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (intransitive) to enter (+ m: into; + r: to (a person); + ḥr: before or through; + n: to)
2. (intransitive, of the sun) to set

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥq (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜥq, geminated stem: ꜥqq

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜥq	ꜥqw, ꜥq	ꜥqt	ꜥq, j.ꜥq	ꜥq, j.ꜥq

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜥq	ḥr ꜥq	m ꜥq	r ꜥq

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ꜥq.n	consecutive	ꜥq.jn
terminative	ꜥqt
perfective3	ꜥq	obligative1	ꜥq.ḫr
imperfective	ꜥq, j.ꜥq1
prospective3	ꜥq	potentialis1	ꜥq.kꜣ
subjunctive	ꜥq, j.ꜥq1

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ꜥq.n	—	—
perfective	ꜥq	ꜥq	ꜥqq, ꜥqqj6, ꜥq2, ꜥqw2 5, ꜥqy2 5
imperfective	j.ꜥq1, ꜥq, ꜥqy, ꜥqw5	j.ꜥq1, j.ꜥqw1 5, ꜥq, ꜥqj6, ꜥqy6	ꜥq, ꜥqw5
prospective	ꜥq, ꜥqtj7	ꜥqtj4, ꜥqt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• ꜥqw
• sꜥq

References

• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 75, 83