심다

Jeju

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃimda̠/

Etymology 1

Verb

심다 (simda)

1. to catch; to hold; to grasp; to grip
2. to seize

Etymology 2

Cognate with Korean 심다 (simda).

Alternative forms

• 싱그다 (singgeuda)
• 심그다 (simgeuda)

Verb

심다 (simda)

1. to plant

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 시므다 (Yale: simuta).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈɕʰi(ː)mt͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [심(ː)따]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	simda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	simda
McCune–Reischauer?	simta
Yale Romanization?	sīmqta

Verb

심다 • (simda) (infinitive 심어, sequential 심으니)

1. To plant, sow (seed or plants)

   정원에 사과나무를 심다

   jeong'wone sagwanamureul simda

   to plant an apple tree in a garden

2. To plant, implant, instill, inculcate (a thought or a sentiment)

   나는 학생들에게 올바른 사상을 심어 주려고 했다.

   naneun haksaengdeurege olbareun sasang'eul simeo juryeogo haetda.

   I tried to inculcate a right thought in [my] student.

3. To plant (a person) secretly as a spy

Usage notes

If in which objects or ideas are planted is people, this word usually is used with 주다 (juda, “to give”). And if where objects are planted is a place, it usually used with 놓다 (nota, “to set”).

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 심다 (simda): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	심는다 simneunda	심어 simeo	심어요 simeoyo	심습니다 simseumnida
	Past	심었다 simeotda	심었어 simeosseo	심었어요 simeosseoyo	심었습니다 simeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	심느냐 simneunya	심어 simeo	심어요 simeoyo	심습니까 simseumnikka
	Past	심었느냐 simeonneunya	심었어 simeosseo	심었어요 simeosseoyo	심었습니까 simeotseumnikka
Hortative		심자 simja	심어 simeo	심어요 simeoyo	심으십시다 simeusipsida
Imperative		심어라 simeora	심어 simeo	심어요 simeoyo	심읍시오 simeupsio
Assertive		심겠다 simgetda	심겠어 simgesseo	심겠어요 simgesseoyo	심겠습니다 simgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		심어 simeo	심어서 simeoseo	심으니 simeuni	심으니까 simeunikka
Contrast		심지만 simjiman	심는데 simneunde	심더니 simdeoni
Conjunction		심고 simgo
Condition		심으면 simeumyeon	심어야 simeoya
Motive		심으려고 simeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		심음 simeum	심기 simgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		심었음 simeosseum	심었기 simeotgi
Determiners	Past	심은 simeun
	Present	심는 simneun
	Future	심을 simeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	심으신다 simeusinda	심으셔 simeusyeo	심으세요, 심으셔요 simeuseyo, simeusyeoyo	심으십니다 simeusimnida
	Past	심으셨다 simeusyeotda	심으셨어 simeusyeosseo	심으셨어요 simeusyeosseoyo	심으셨습니다 simeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	심으시느냐 simeusineunya	심으셔 simeusyeo	심으세요, 심으셔요 simeuseyo, simeusyeoyo	심으십니까 simeusimnikka
	Past	심으셨느냐 simeusyeonneunya	심으셨어 simeusyeosseo	심으셨어요 simeusyeosseoyo	심으셨습니까 simeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		심으시라 simeusira	심으셔 simeusyeo	심으세요 simeuseyo	심으십시오 simeusipsio
Assertive		심으시겠다 simeusigetda	심으시겠어 simeusigesseo	심으시겠어요 simeusigesseoyo	심으시겠습니다 simeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		심으셔 simeusyeo	심으셔서 simeusyeoseo	심으시니 simeusini	심으시니까 simeusinikka
Contrast		심으시지만 simeusijiman	심으시는데 simeusineunde	심으시더니 simeusideoni
Conjunction		심으시고 simeusigo
Condition		심으시면 simeusimyeon	심으셔야 simeusyeoya
Motive		심으시려고 simeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		심으심 simeusim	심으시기 simeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		심으셨음 simeusyeosseum	심으셨기 simeusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	심으신 simeusin
	Present	심으시는 simeusineun
	Future	심으실 simeusil

Alternative forms

• 심으다 (simeuda)
• 심구다 (simguda)

Synonyms

• 뿌리다 (ppurida, “to seed, to disperse”)

Antonyms

• 거두다 (geoduda, “to harvest”)

See also

• 푸나무 (punamu, “plant”)
• 씨 (ssi, “seed”)
• 씨앗 (ssiat, “seed”)