𑀓𑁂𑀭
Prakrit
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- -𑀓𑁂𑀭 (-kera) — as a suffix
- 𑀓𑁂𑀭𑀬 (keraya) — with -𑀬- (-ya-)
- *𑀓𑀸𑀭 (*kāra) — debated reconstruction based on some descendants
Etymology
[edit]Probably grammaticalized from Sanskrit कार्य (kārya, “effect, end, aim”) (from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kā́ryas (“to be done”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷór-yo-s, from the root *kʷer- (“to do, make”)), through metathesis of -āry- > -āyr- > -er-.[1] Doublet of 𑀓𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kajja).
Adjective
[edit]𑀓𑁂𑀭 (kera) (Devanagari केर, Kannada ಕೇರ) (Śaurasenī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Māgadhī) [2]
- a suffix appended to nouns and particularly to pronouns to indicate possession
- Sauraseni 𑀫𑀫 (mama, “of me”, genitive of 𑀅𑀳𑀁 (ahaṃ)) + 𑀓𑁂𑀭 (kera) → 𑀫𑀫𑀓𑁂𑀭 (mamakera, “my, concerning me”)
Descendants
[edit]In many descendants, the -k- is lost since this word was considered to be fused with the preceding noun/pronoun, in which case the -k- was intervocalic and regularly lenited and, eventually, deleted.
Applied to all nouns:
- Eastern:
- Central:
Applied to only pronouns (Forms with -ār- can either be attributed to contamination with forms like 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (amhāṇaṃ, “our”, genitive of 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe)), or to an unattested non-metathesized alternative form *𑀓𑀸𑀭 (*kāra), or some other phenomena[4]):
- Gurjara Apabhramsa: महारउं (mahāraüṃ), तुहारउं (tuhāraüṃ), अम्हारउं (amhāraüṃ), तुम्हारउं (tumhāraüṃ)
- Sauraseni Apabhramsa: मेरय (meraya), तेरय (teraya), अम्हारय (amhāraya), तुम्हारय (tumhāraya)
References
[edit]- ^ Hercus, Luise (1991) Collected articles of LA Schwarzschild on Indo-Aryan 1953-1979, Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 12-14
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāryà”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- ^ Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 326
- ^ Schwarzschild, L. A. (1954). The Possessive Adjectives of Late Prakrit. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 3/4, 127–136. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25222719
- Prakrit terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Prakrit terms derived from Sanskrit
- Prakrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Prakrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Prakrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Prakrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Prakrit words derived through metathesis
- Prakrit doublets
- Prakrit lemmas
- Prakrit adjectives
- Prakrit adjectives in Brahmi script
- Sauraseni Prakrit
- Maharastri Prakrit
- Magadhi Prakrit