ترکش

Persian

Etymology 1

From earlier تیرکش (tirkaš, “quiver; arrowslit”), from تیر (tir, “arrow”) +‎ کش (kaš, “container”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [taɾ.ˈkaʃ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰǽʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰǽʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰǽʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰǽʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæɹ.kʰʲǽʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰǽʃ]

Readings
Classical reading?	tarkaš
Dari reading?	tarkaš
Iranian reading?	tarkaš
Tajik reading?	tarkaš

Noun

Dari	ترکش
Iranian Persian
Tajik	таркаш

ترکش • (tarkaš) (plural ترکش‌ها (tarkaš-hâ))

1. quiver

   Synonyms: تیردان (tirdân), شگا (šagâ), جعبه (ja'be)

Descendants

• → Arabic: تَرْكَاش (tarkāš)
  • → Byzantine Greek: ταρκάσιον (tarkásion)
    • → Italian: turcasso, carcasso
    • → Old French: carcois, carquais, tarchais, tarquait
      • → French: carquois
        • → Catalan: carcaix
        • → Spanish: carcaj, carcax, carcaza
      • → Galician: carcás, carcán
      • → Portuguese: carcás
• → Georgian: ქარქაში (karkaši)
• → Gujarati: તરકશ (tarkaś)
• → Malay: tarkas
  • Indonesian: tarkas
• → Middle Armenian: թարքաշ (tʻarkʻaš)
• → Ottoman Turkish: تركش (terkeş)

Etymology 2

From تَرَک (tarak-, “to explode”) +‎ ـش (-eš, “-ment, -tion”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [taɾ.ˈkiʃ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰɪ́ʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰɪ́ʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰɪ́ʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰíʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæɹ.kʰʲéʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäɾ.kʰíʃ]

Readings
Classical reading?	tarkiš
Dari reading?	tarkiš
Iranian reading?	tarkeš
Tajik reading?	tarkiš

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	ترکش
Iranian Persian
Tajik	таркиш

ترکش • (tarkeš) (plural ترکش‌ها (tarkeš-hâ))

1. explosion

   Synonym: انفجار (enfejâr)

2. shrapnel, fragment (of an artillery shell, bomb, grenade, etc.)

   هنگامی که یک خمپاره به زمین اصابت می‌کند، صدها تركش بزرگ و کوچک آن قارچ‌مانند در فضا پراکنده می‌شود، و در خلئی که از موج انفجار آن ایجاد می‌گردد، فولاد نیز همچون مقوایی نرم مچاله می‌شود.

   hangāmē ki yak xumpāra ba zamīn isābat mēkunad, sad-hā tarkiš-i buzurg u kōčak-i ān qārč-mānand dar fazā parākanda mēšawad, wa dar xala'ē ki az mawj-i infijār-i ān ījād mēgardad, fōlād nēz hamčūn muqawwāyē narm mučāla mēšawad.

   When a mortar hits the ground, hundreds of its large and small fragments are spread around in a mushroom-like shape, and in the vacuum created by its blast wave even steel crumples like a soft cardboard.

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ترکش”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press