خار
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Mazanderani
[edit]Adjective
[edit]خار (xâr)
- well
- ته خار هستی؟ ― te xâr hasti? ― Are you well?
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Persian thorn (hʾl /xār/), related to Sanskrit खर (khara, “sharp, rough, harsh”)).[1] Compare Manichaean Middle Persian xʾr (xār).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [xɑːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [xɒːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [χɔɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | xār |
Dari reading? | xār |
Iranian reading? | xâr |
Tajik reading? | xor |
Noun
[edit]Dari | خار |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | хор |
خار • (xâr) (plural خارها (xâr-hâ))
- thorn
- c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The tale of Suhrāb”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings][1]:
- ز خاشاک وز خار و شاخ درخت
یکی آتشی برفروزید سخت- zi xāšāk w-az xār u šāx-i diraxt
yakē ātašē barfurōzīd saxt - With straws, thorns, and tree branches,
He quickly lit up a fire.
- zi xāšāk w-az xār u šāx-i diraxt
Derived terms
[edit]- خارشُتُر (xâr-e šotor)
Descendants
[edit]- → Urdu: خار (xār)
References
[edit]- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “xār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 94
- ^ “artichoke”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Classical Persian خار (xār, “thorn”), from Middle Persian hʾl (xār, “thorn”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /xɑːɾ/
Noun
[edit]خار • (xār) ? (Hindi spelling ख़ार)
Declension
[edit]Declension of خار | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | خار (xār) | خار (xār) |
oblique | خار (xār) | خاروں (xārō̃) |
vocative | خار (xār) | خارو (xārō) |
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- خارِ ماہی (xār-e-mahī, “fish hook”)
- خارِ عَقْرَب (xār-e-'aqrab, “scorpion sting”)
- خار راہ (xār-e-rāh, “obstacle, thorn in the path”)
- خار بَنْد (xār-band, “barbed-wire fence”)
- خار بَسْت (xār-bast, “bound by thorn”)
- خار و خَس (xār-o-xas, “trash, rubbish, sweepings”)
- خار خُشْک (xār-e-xusk, “dry thorn”)
- خارِ پُشْت (xār-e-pust, “a type of Indo-Persian weapon, hedgehog, porcupine, jackfruit”)
- خارِ شُتُر (xār-e-sutur, “Echimops Echinatu”)
- خارَک (xārak, “little thorn, dried or unripe dates”)
- خارِ تَرازُو (xār-e-tarāzū, “the hook of a weighting scale”)
- خار دینا (xār dēnā, “to hurt”)
- خارِش (xāris, “itch”)
- خارِ مُغِیلاں (xār-e-mugīlañ, “acacia thorn”)
- خارِسْتان (xāristān, “field of thorns”)
- خار دار تار (xār-dār-tār, “barbed wire”)
- گُلِ بے خار (gul-e-bexār, “thornless rose, a harmless thing”)
- بے خار (bexār, “fearless, young, without thorns”)
- نوک خار (nōk-e-xār, “tip of the thorn, spearhead of the thorn”)
- خارا شِکَنی (xārā-šikānī, “breaking thorn, hard work”)
- خارا شِگاف (xārā-šigāf, “stone-spliting, very sharp”)
- خارا تَراشی (xara-tarāšī, “the work of stone carving”)
- خارزار (xārzār, “place of thorns or thistles”)
- خاردار (xārdār, “thorny, prickly, bearded, troublesome, arduous”)
- وادیٔ پُر خار (vādī-e-por-xār, “valley of dangers, the path of hardship”)
Categories:
- Mazanderani lemmas
- Mazanderani adjectives
- Mazanderani terms with usage examples
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with quotations
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu nouns with declension