چار

See also: خار, حار, جار, and جاز

Baluchi

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *čaθwā́rah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Numeral

چار • (cár)

1. four

Noun

چار • (cár)

1. four (digit)

Brahui

Brahui numbers ^(edit)

[a], [b] ←  3	4	5  →
Cardinal: چار (cār)

Etymology

borrowed from Baluchi چار (cár).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ/

Numeral

چار (cár)

1. four, 4

Central Kurdish

Etymology 1

Noun

چار (çar)

1. alternative form of چاره (çara, “help, remedy”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *čaθwā́rah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Numeral

چار (çar)

1. alternative form of چوار (çwar, “four”)

Khowar

Alternative forms

• چھور

Etymology

From Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰɔɾ/

Numeral

چار (čor)

1. four

Kohistani Shina

Numeral

چار (čār)

1. four

Mazanderani

Numeral

چار (čār)

1. four

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From Russian царь (carʹ) or its ancestor Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ).

Noun

چار • (çar)

1. tsar

Descendants

• Turkish: çar

Etymology 2

From Persian چهار, چار.

Numeral

چار • (çar)

1. four

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “چار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 458

Pahari-Potwari

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Cognate with Assamese চাৰি (sari), Baluchi چار (cár), Bengali চার (car), English four, Hindustani चार (cār) / چار (cār), Persian چهار (čahâr), Romani śtar, Russian четыре (četyre), Sindhi چار (cār), and Saraiki چار (cār).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ/

Numeral

چار (cār)

1. four

Persian

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃaːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɒːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	čār
Dari reading?	čār
Iranian reading?	čâr
Tajik reading?	čor

Noun

چار • (čār / čâr) (Tajik spelling чор)

1. colloquial and poetic form of چهار (čahār / čahâr, “four”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃaːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɒːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	čār
Dari reading?	čār
Iranian reading?	čâr
Tajik reading?	čor

Noun

چار • (čār / čâr) (Tajik spelling чор)

1. alternative form of تزار (tizār / tezâr, “tsar”)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “چار”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.

Saraiki

Saraiki numbers ^(edit)

	40
←  3	۴ 4	5  →
Cardinal: چار (cār)     Ordinal: چوتھا (cothā)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Cognate with Assamese চাৰি (sari), Baluchi چار (cár), Bengali চার (car), English four, Hindustani चार (cār) / چار (cār), Persian چهار (čahâr), Romani śtar, Russian четыре (četyre), Sindhi چار (cār).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ/

Numeral

چار (cār) (Devanagari चार)

1. four

Shina

Shina numbers ^(edit)

←  3	4	5  →
Cardinal: چار

Numeral

چار (čār)

1. four

Sindhi

Sindhi numbers ^(edit)

	40
←  3	4	5  →
Cardinal: چار (cār)     Ordinal: چوٿون (cothõ)

Etymology

From Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɑrɪ]

Numeral

چارِ • (cāri) (Devanagari चारि)

1. four, 4

References

• Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988), “چارِ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

Urdu

Urdu numbers ^(edit)

	40
←  3	۴ 4	5  →
Cardinal: چار (cār)     Ordinal: چَوتھا (cauthā), چَہارُم (cahārum)     Multiplier: چَوگُنا (caugunā), چوہَرا (coharā)     Fractional: چَوتھائی (cauthāī), چَہارُم (cahārum)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Hindi चारि (cāri), from Prakrit *𑀘𑀬𑀸𑀭𑀺 (*cayāri), from Sanskrit चत्वारि (catvā́ri), चत्वारः (catvā́raḥ).

More information

Compare the attested Prakrit 𑀘𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀭𑀺 (cattari). The alteration was probably based off the Sanskrit accusative चतुरः (caturaḥ) without a consonant cluster where intervocalic t > y is expected, but could also be an abnormal numeral phonological development.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɑːɾ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Numeral

چار • (cār) (Hindi spelling चार) (cardinal)

1. four

Further reading

• Fallon, S. W. (1879), “چار”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 510
• Platts, John T. (1884), “چار”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 417
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “چار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 246
• “چار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
• John Shakespear (1834), “چار”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC, page 677
• “چار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Shina چار (čār).

Numeral

چار (čār)

1. four, 4

Coordinate terms

• Prev: ڇے. Next: پوش.