蓬蒿

Chinese

		(grass); disheveled	wormwood
trad. (蓬蒿)		蓬	蒿
simp. #(蓬蒿)		蓬	蒿

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pénghāo

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pung⁴ hou¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pénghāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pénghao
    • Wade–Giles: pʻêng²-hao¹
    • Yale: péng-hāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pernghau
    • Palladius: пэнхао (pɛnxao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pung⁴ hou¹
    • Yale: pùhng hōu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pung⁴ hou¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: pung⁴ hou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰʊŋ²¹ hou̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: buwng xaw

Rime
Character	蓬	蒿
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	薄紅切	呼毛切
Baxter	buwng	xaw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buŋ/	/hɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/buŋ/	/hɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/buŋ/	/xɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bəwŋ/	/haw/
Li Rong	/buŋ/	/xɑu/
Wang Li	/buŋ/	/xɑu/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuŋ/	/xɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	péng	hāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pung4	hou1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*boːŋ  qʰaːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蒿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hāo
Middle Chinese	‹ xaw ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁaw/
English	Artemisia
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蓬	蒿
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3216	3744
Phonetic component	丰	高
Rime group	東	宵
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	蓬	蒿
Old Chinese	/*boːŋ/	/*qʰaːw/

Noun

蓬蒿

1. bushy species of Artemisia
2. weeds
3. the wilderness
4. (dialectal) crowndaisy chrysanthemum

Synonyms

• (crowndaisy chrysanthemum): 茼蒿 (tónghāo), 皇帝菜 (huángdìcài); (Hakka) 艾菜; (Hokkien) 拍某菜