阿難

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (阿難)		阿	難
simp. (阿难)		阿	难

Etymology

Short for 阿難陀／阿难陀 (Ānántuó), which is in turn borrowed from Sanskrit आनन्द (ānanda).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Ānán

  (Zhuyin): ㄚ ㄋㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): aa³ naan⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Ānán
    • Zhuyin: ㄚ ㄋㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Anán
    • Wade–Giles: A¹-nan²
    • Yale: Ā-nán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Anan
    • Palladius: Анань (Ananʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ nän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: aa³ naan⁴
    • Yale: a nàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: aa³ naan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: a³ nan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /aː³³ naːn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'a nan|nanH

Rime
Character	阿	難	難
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	寒 (61)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	烏何切	那干切	奴案切
Baxter	'a	nan	nanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔa/	/nan/	/nanH/
Li Rong	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ē	nán	nàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	o1	naan4	naan6

Proper noun

阿難

1. Ananda (the foremost disciple of Gautama Buddha in memory)

Further reading

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “阿難” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].