-ve

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ve"

English

Etymology

Abbreviation, using the minus sign.

Adjective

−ve (adjective-forming suffix, not comparable)

1. (mathematics) Abbreviation of negative.

Antonyms

• +ve

Anagrams

• E.V., EV, eV, μeV

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vɛ]

Suffix

-ve

1. (adverbial participle suffix) Added to a verb to form an adverbial participle. Its nearest English equivalent is the -ing form functioning as a participle (rather than a noun).

   ér (“to reach, to arrive”) →

   Az utcára érve körülnézett. ― Arriving on the street, s/he looked around.

Usage notes

• (adverbial participle suffix) Harmonic variants:

  -va is added to back-vowel verbs

  -ve is added to front-vowel verbs

Derived terms

• Category:Hungarian adverbial participles

See also

• -ván/-vén
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

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Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /u̯e/, [u̯ɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ve/, [ve]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *-wē. Compare the Sanskrit वा (vā, “or”) and the Ancient Greek ἤ (ḗ).

Conjunction

-ve

1. (always enclitic) or, leaving the choice free between two things or among several
   • 161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 2.13:

     Quid tu es tristis? Quidve es alacris? Unde is?

     Why are you out of spirits or why are you in such a hurry? Whence come you?

   • 44 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Philippicae 14.6.16:

     Post hanc habitam contionem duabus tribusve horis optatissimi nuntii et litterae venerunt.

     After this assembly was over, within two or three hours, these most welcome messengers and letters arrived.

2. (especially in negative sentences or questions implying a negative sentence) and, with the same meaning as -que
   • 44 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Philippicae 5.5.13:

     Num, quod maximum est, leges nostras moresve novit, num denique homines?

     Does he—which is most important—does he know any thing about our laws and manners? Is he even acquainted with any of the citizens?

3. (poetic, repeated or with correlative part) either...or
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 15.214:

     Nostra quoque ipsorum semper requieque sine ulla / corpora vertuntur, nec quod fuimusve sumusve / cras erimus;

     And our bodies themselves are always, restlessly, changing: we shall not be, tomorrow, either what we were, or what we are.

Derived terms

• ceu
• nēve
• sīve

See also

• -que
• -ne

Etymology 2

See -vus.

Suffix

1. vocative masculine singular of -vus