Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrvьňa: difference between revisions
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From a not directly retained {{af|sla-pro|*dьrva|*-ьňa}} inherited from {{der|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*dirˀwāˀ}} kept by {{cog|lv|dìrva}}, {{cog|lt|dirvà|t=arable land, field}}, further derived from {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro||*dérH-uh₂ ~ *dr̥H-wéh₂}}, from the root {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*der-|*derH-|t=to tear, crack}}, to which also {{cog|sa|दूर्वा|tr=dū́rvā|t=panic grass}}, {{cog|gmw-pro|*taru|t=wheat}}, {{cog|cy|drewg|t=darnel}} are put. |
From a not directly retained {{af|sla-pro|*dьrva|*-ьňa}} inherited from {{der|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*dirˀwāˀ}} kept by {{cog|lv|dìrva}}, {{cog|lt|dirvà|t=arable land, field}}, further derived from {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro||*dérH-uh₂ ~ *dr̥H-wéh₂}}, from the root {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*der-|*derH-|t=to tear, crack}}, to which also {{cog|sa|दूर्वा|tr=dū́rvā|t=panic grass}}, {{cog|gmw-pro|*taru|t=wheat}}, {{cog|cy|drewg|t=darnel}} are put. |
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For the meaning development from “field” to “village” typologically compare the attested development, without collectivizing suffix {{m|sla-pro|*-ьňa}} making the derivation more straightforward, of {{bor|ar|gez|ፂኦት|t=low grounds, pasture|pos=its only meanings}} into {{m+|ar|ضَيْعَة|t=pasture; village, hamlet}} and in the end {{cog|gl|aldea|t=village}}, {{cog|es|aldea|t=village}}, {{cog|pt|aldeia|t=village}}. The reverse shift, the designation of a village from enclosed space instead of from a wide space, is equally known in the languages of the world: {{cog|trk-pro|*āgïl}} means originally a “pen, fold for cattle”, so usual in [[Anatolia]]n Turkic, but gives the word for village, {{m|en|aul}}, in [[Central Asia]]n Turkic, see it for its descendants. |
For the meaning development from “field” to “village” typologically compare the attested development, without collectivizing suffix {{m|sla-pro|*-ьňa}} making the derivation more straightforward, of {{bor|ar|gez|ፂኦት|t=low grounds, pasture|pos=its only meanings}} into {{m+|ar|ضَيْعَة|t=pasture; village, hamlet}} and in the end {{cog|gl|aldea|t=village}}, {{cog|es|aldea|t=village}}, {{cog|pt|aldeia|t=village}}. The reverse shift, the designation of a village from enclosed space instead of from a wide space, is equally known in the languages of the world: {{cog|trk-pro|*āgïl}} means originally a “pen, fold for cattle”, so usual in [[Anatolia]]n Turkic, but gives the word for village, {{m|en|aul}}, in [[Central Asia]]n Turkic, see it for its descendants. See also {{cog|sla-pro|*gordъ||town}}, derived from {{cog|ine-bsl-pro|*gardas||enclosure}}. |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
Revision as of 15:57, 15 July 2021
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From a not directly retained *dьrva + *-ьňa inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dirˀwāˀ kept by Latvian dìrva, Lithuanian dirvà (“arable land, field”), further derived from Proto-Indo-European *dérH-uh₂ ~ *dr̥H-wéh₂, from the root Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear, crack”), to which also Sanskrit दूर्वा (dū́rvā, “panic grass”), Proto-West Germanic *taru (“wheat”), Welsh drewg (“darnel”) are put.
For the meaning development from “field” to “village” typologically compare the attested development, without collectivizing suffix *-ьňa making the derivation more straightforward, of Ge'ez ፂኦት (ṣ́iʾot, “low grounds, pasture”, its only meanings) into Arabic ضَيْعَة (ḍayʕa, “pasture; village, hamlet”) and in the end Galician aldea (“village”), Spanish aldea (“village”), Portuguese aldeia (“village”). The reverse shift, the designation of a village from enclosed space instead of from a wide space, is equally known in the languages of the world: Proto-Turkic *āgïl means originally a “pen, fold for cattle”, so usual in Anatolian Turkic, but gives the word for village, aul, in Central Asian Turkic, see it for its descendants. See also Proto-Slavic *gordъ (“town”), derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gardas (“enclosure”).
Noun
*dьrvьňa f[1]
- ploughed field, arable land (after trees were cut) (the original sense, unless the suffigation directly gave the next sense)
- a peasant's khutor with a plot of land; settlement, village
Inflection
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *dьrvьňa | *dьrvьňi | *dьrvьňę̇ |
genitive | *dьrvьňę̇ | *dьrvьňu | *dьrvьňь |
dative | *dьrvьňi | *dьrvьňama | *dьrvьňamъ |
accusative | *dьrvьňǫ | *dьrvьňi | *dьrvьňę̇ |
instrumental | *dьrvьňejǫ, *dьrvьňǫ** | *dьrvьňama | *dьrvьňami |
locative | *dьrvьňi | *dьrvьňu | *dьrvьňasъ, *dьrvьňaxъ* |
vocative | *dьrvьňe | *dьrvьňi | *dьrvьňę̇ |
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дере́вня”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dьrvьņa”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136: “f. jā ‘field’”
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *der-
- Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьňa
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Arabic terms borrowed from Ge'ez
- Arabic terms derived from Ge'ez
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic feminine nouns
- Proto-Slavic soft a-stem nouns
- sla-pro:Polities