Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁(y)-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*dʰeh₁(y)-

1. to suckle, nurse

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁(y)-‎ (36 c, 0 e)

• *dʰi-né-h₁-ti ~ *dʰi-n-h₁-énti (nasal-infix present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *dinati (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰinā́ti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰināti
      • ⇒ Sanskrit: धिनोति (dhinoti, “to nourish”)

• *dʰéh₁-ye-ti (ye-present)
  • Proto-Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: դիեմ (diem, “to drink mother's milk”)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: dêt (“to suck”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *dēaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: θῆσθαι (thêsthai, “to milk out”)

• *dʰh₁-éye-ti (eye-present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰHáyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰHáyati
      • Sanskrit: धयति (dháyati, “to drink mother's milk, to breastfeed”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *dojìti (see there for further descendants)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-mh₁n-éh₂
  • Proto-Italic: *fēmanā
    • Latin: fēmina (“woman”) (see there for further descendants)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-to-s
  • Proto-Italic: *fētos
    • Latin: fētus (“pregnant”)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-tu-s
  • Proto-Italic: *fētus
    • Latin: fētus (“offspring”) (see there for further descendants)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-no-m
  • Proto-Italic: *fēnom
    • Latin: fēnum (“hay”)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-n-os
  • Proto-Italic: *fēnos
    • Latin: fēnus (“interest (on money)”)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-lu-s
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: θῆλυς (thêlus, “feminine”)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-lew-ih₂
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: θήλεια (thḗleia, “feminine”)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-lw-ih₂-k-s
  • Proto-Italic: *fēlīks
    • Latin: fēlīx (“happy”)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-li-o-s
  • Proto-Italic: *feiljos (“son”) (see there for further descendants)

• *dʰeh₁(i)-l-éh₂-ye-ti
  • Proto-Italic: *fēlājō
    • Latin: fēlō, fellō (“to suck”)

• *dʰé-dʰh₁-i (“milk curd”)
  • Proto-Albanian: *dedi
    • Albanian: djathë (“cheese”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰádʰHi
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dádʰHi
      • Sanskrit: दधि (dádhi, “coagulated milk, curd”) (see there for further descendants)

• Unsorted formations:
  • Proto-Albanian: *dela
    • Albanian: djalë (“boy”)
  • Proto-Albanian: *dailjā
    • Albanian: dele (“sheep”)
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: դալ (dal, “colostrum”)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: dēls (“son”)
    • Lithuanian: dėlė (“leech”)
    • Old Prussian: dadan
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: [Term?] (“pregnant”)
    • Eastern Baltic:
      • Lithuanian: dieni (“with young”)
    • → Proto-Finnic: *tiineh (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dēˀtis (“child”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *dětь (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic:
    • Old Irish: dínu (“lamb”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *dajjaną (“to suck, suckle”), *dilō (“nipple”), *dijōną (“to suck, suckle”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: θηλή (thēlḗ, “teat”), θεῖος (theîos, “uncle”), τίτθη (títthē, “nurse”), τήθη (tḗthē, “grandmother”), Τηθύς (Tēthús)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰáynuš
    • Proto-Iranian: *dáynuš
      • Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬎 (daēnu)
      • Northern Kurdish: dê, da, dayik (“mother”)
      • Middle Persian: dʾyk' (dāyag, “wet nurse”)
        • Persian: دایه (dâye, “wet nurse”)
      • → Old Armenian: դայեակ (dayeak, “wet nurse”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰa(H)inúš (“milch cow”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: धान्य (dhānya, “corn”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 242
• Oshiro, Terumasa (1988) “Some Luwian words of Indo-European origin”, in Orient, volume 24, page 49: “(5) suckling (241)”