terrorism

English

Etymology

From French terrorisme, from terreur +‎ -isme, equivalent to terror +‎ -ism.

The word first appears in English in 1795 in reference to the Jacobin radicals of France, who ruled during the Reign of Terror.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛɹəɹɪzəm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

terrorism (usually uncountable, plural terrorisms)

1. The deliberate commission of an act of violence to create public fear through the suffering of the victims in the furtherance of a political or social agenda.
2. The use of unlawful violence against people or property to achieve political objectives.
3. A form of psychological manipulation through warfare to the purpose of political or religious gains, by means of deliberately creating a climate of fear amongst the inhabitants of a specific geographical region.
   • 2012 December 14, Simon Jenkins, “We mustn't overreact to North Korea boys' toys”, in The Guardian Weekly‎^[1], volume 188, number 2, page 23:

     The threat of terrorism to the British lies in the overreaction to it of British governments. Each one in turn clicks up the ratchet of surveillance, intrusion and security. Each one diminishes liberty. David Cameron insists that his latest communications data bill is “vital to counter terrorism”. Yet terror is mayhem. It is no threat to freedom. That threat is from counter-terror, from ministers capitulating to securocrats.

Hyponyms

• agroterrorism
• bioterrorism
• cyberterrorism
• domestic terrorism
• ecoterrorism
• electronic terrorism
• narcoterrorism

 

Derived terms

• antiterrorism
• terrorist
• counter-terrorism
• ecoterrorism
• narcoterrorism

Translations

use of terror as a means of coercion

• Afrikaans: terrorisme
• Albanian: terrorizëm (sq) m
• Arabic: إِرْهَاب m (ʔirhāb)
• Armenian: ահաբեկչություն (hy) (ahabekčʻutʻyun), տեռորիզմ (hy) (teṙorizm)
• Asturian: terrorismu m
• Azerbaijani: terrorizm
• Belarusian: тэрары́зм m (terarýzm), тэра́кт m (terákt) (terror act)
• Bengali: সন্ত্রাসবাদ (śontrasbad)
• Bulgarian: терори́зъм (bg) m (terorízǎm)
• Burmese: အကြမ်းဖက်ဝါဒ (a.kram:hpak-wada.)
• Catalan: terrorisme (ca) m
• Cebuano: terorismo
• Chechen: терроризм (terrorizm)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 恐怖主義／恐怖主义 (zh) (kǒngbùzhǔyì), 恐怖主义 (zh) (kǒngbùzhǔyì)

• Cornish: broweghereth f
• Czech: terorismus (cs) m
• Danish: terrorisme c
• Dutch: terrorisme (nl) n
• Esperanto: terorismo
• Estonian: terrorism (et)
• Finnish: terrorismi (fi)
• French: terrorisme (fr) m
• Galician: terrorismo (gl) m
• Georgian: ტერორიზმი (ṭerorizmi)
• German: Terrorismus (de) m
• Greek: τρομοκρατία (el) f (tromokratía)
• Gujarati: આતંકવાદ (ātaṅkvād)
• Hebrew: טֶרוֹר (he) m (téror), טֶרוֹרִיזְם m (terorizm)
• Hindi: आतंकवाद (hi) m (ātaṅkvād), दहशतगर्दी f (dahśatgardī), दहशतंगेज़ m (dahaśtaṅgez)
• Hungarian: terrorizmus (hu)
• Icelandic: hryðjuverk (is) n
• Ido: terorismo
• Indonesian: terorisme (id)
• Irish: sceimhlitheoireacht
• Italian: terrorismo (it) m
• Japanese: テロリズム (ja) (terorizumu), テロ (ja) (tero)
• Kannada: ಆತಂಕವಾದ (ātaṅkavāda), ಭಯೋತ್ಪಾದನೆ (bhayōtpādane)
• Kazakh: лаңкестік (lañkestık), терроризм (terrorizm)
• Khmer: ភេរវនិយម (pheirĕəʼvĕəʼniyum)
• Korean: 테러리즘 (ko) (tereorijeum), 테러 (ko) (tereo), 공포주의(恐怖主義) (gongpojuui), 테로 (tero) (North Korea)
• Kyrgyz: терроризм (terrorizm)
• Lao: ການກໍ່ການຮ້າຍ (kān kǭ kān hāi)
• Latin: tromocratia f
• Latvian: terorisms m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Lithuanian: terorizmas m
• Luxembourgish: Terrorismus
• Macedonian: терори́зам m (terorízam)
• Malay: pengganasan, terorisme
• Malayalam: ഭീകരവാദം (bhīkaravādaṁ), തീവ്രവാദം (tīvravādaṁ, literally “extremism”)
• Marathi: दहशतवाद (dahśatvād)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: терроризм (mn) (terrorizm), алан хядлага (alan xjadlaga)

• Norman: terreurisme m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: terrorisme (no) m

  Nynorsk: terrorisme m

• Pashto: ترهګري f (trahgarí), تروريزم m (trorízǝm)
• Persian: تروریسم (fa) (terorism), تروریزم‎ (terorizm), ارعابگری (fa) (er'âbgari) (rare)
• Polish: terroryzm (pl) m
• Portuguese: terrorismo (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਦਹਿਸ਼ਤਗਰਦੀ (dahiśtagardī)
• Romanian: terorism (ro) m
• Russian: террори́зм (ru) m (terrorízm), тера́кт (ru) m (terákt) (terror act), терро́р (ru) m (terrór)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: терорѝзам m

  Roman: terorìzam (sh) m

• Sinhalese: ත්‍රස්තවාදය (trastawādaya)
• Slovak: terorizem m
• Slovene: terorizem (sl)
• Spanish: terrorismo (es) m
• Swedish: terrorism (sv) c
• Tajik: терроризм (terrorizm)
• Tamil: பயங்கரவாதம் (ta) (payaṅkaravātam)
• Tatar: террорчылык (terrorçılıq)
• Telugu: ఉగ్రవాదం (te) (ugravādaṁ)
• Thai: การก่อการร้าย (gaan-gɔ̀ɔ-gaan-ráai)
• Turkish: terörizm (tr), yıldırıcılık
• Turkmen: terrorizm
• Ukrainian: терори́зм m (terorýzm), тера́кт m (terákt) (terror act)
• Urdu: دہشت گردی f (dehśat gardī), دہشت پسندی f (dehśat pasandī)
• Uyghur: تېررورلۇق (tërrorluq)
• Uzbek: terrorizm (uz)
• Vietnamese: khủng bố (vi) (恐怖), chính sách khủng bố (政策恐怖), chủ nghĩa khủng bố (主義恐怖)
• Volapük: jekälim, jekidun, jekidunot, jeikareig (vo)
• Welsh: terfysgaeth (cy) f, brawychiaeth f
• Yiddish: טעראָריזם m (terorizm)

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Swedish

Etymology

terror +‎ -ism

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

terrorism c

1. terrorism

Declension

Declension of terrorism
	Uncountable
	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	terrorism	terrorismen	—	—
Genitive	terrorisms	terrorismens	—	—

Derived terms

• kontraterrorism

Related terms

• terrorisera
• terrorist