alumbrar

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin illumināre, confusing prefix il- with a-, or through a Vulgar Latin root *alluminare. Doublet of iluminar. Compare Asturian allumar, Galician alumar, Portuguese alumiar, French allumer, Italian alluminare.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /alumˈbɾaɾ/ [a.lũmˈbɾaɾ]

Verb

alumbrar (first-person singular present alumbro, first-person singular preterite alumbré, past participle alumbrado)

1. (transitive) to illuminate

   Synonyms: iluminar, aluzar

2. (transitive) to give birth

   Synonym: dar a luz

3. (transitive) to shed light (on)
4. (reflexive) to get tipsy

Conjugation

    Conjugation of alumbrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			alumbrar
gerund			alumbrando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		alumbrado		alumbrada
		plural		alumbrados		alumbradas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	alumbro	alumbrastú alumbrásvos	alumbra	alumbramos	alumbráis	alumbran
	imperfect	alumbraba	alumbrabas	alumbraba	alumbrábamos	alumbrabais	alumbraban
	preterite	alumbré	alumbraste	alumbró	alumbramos	alumbrasteis	alumbraron
	future	alumbraré	alumbrarás	alumbrará	alumbraremos	alumbraréis	alumbrarán
	conditional	alumbraría	alumbrarías	alumbraría	alumbraríamos	alumbraríais	alumbrarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	alumbre	alumbrestú alumbrésvos2	alumbre	alumbremos	alumbréis	alumbren
	imperfect (ra)	alumbrara	alumbraras	alumbrara	alumbráramos	alumbrarais	alumbraran
	imperfect (se)	alumbrase	alumbrases	alumbrase	alumbrásemos	alumbraseis	alumbrasen
	future1	alumbrare	alumbrares	alumbrare	alumbráremos	alumbrareis	alumbraren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		alumbratú alumbrávos	alumbre	alumbremos	alumbrad	alumbren
	negative		no alumbres	no alumbre	no alumbremos	no alumbréis	no alumbren

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of alumbrar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive alumbrar
	dative	alumbrarme	alumbrarte	alumbrarle, alumbrarse	alumbrarnos	alumbraros	alumbrarles, alumbrarse
	accusative	alumbrarme	alumbrarte	alumbrarlo, alumbrarla, alumbrarse	alumbrarnos	alumbraros	alumbrarlos, alumbrarlas, alumbrarse
with gerund alumbrando
	dative	alumbrándome	alumbrándote	alumbrándole, alumbrándose	alumbrándonos	alumbrándoos	alumbrándoles, alumbrándose
	accusative	alumbrándome	alumbrándote	alumbrándolo, alumbrándola, alumbrándose	alumbrándonos	alumbrándoos	alumbrándolos, alumbrándolas, alumbrándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative alumbra
	dative	alúmbrame	alúmbrate	alúmbrale	alúmbranos	not used	alúmbrales
	accusative	alúmbrame	alúmbrate	alúmbralo, alúmbrala	alúmbranos	not used	alúmbralos, alúmbralas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative alumbrá
	dative	alumbrame	alumbrate	alumbrale	alumbranos	not used	alumbrales
	accusative	alumbrame	alumbrate	alumbralo, alumbrala	alumbranos	not used	alumbralos, alumbralas
with formal second-person singular imperative alumbre
	dative	alúmbreme	not used	alúmbrele, alúmbrese	alúmbrenos	not used	alúmbreles
	accusative	alúmbreme	not used	alúmbrelo, alúmbrela, alúmbrese	alúmbrenos	not used	alúmbrelos, alúmbrelas
with first-person plural imperative alumbremos
	dative	not used	alumbrémoste	alumbrémosle	alumbrémonos	alumbrémoos	alumbrémosles
	accusative	not used	alumbrémoste	alumbrémoslo, alumbrémosla	alumbrémonos	alumbrémoos	alumbrémoslos, alumbrémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative alumbrad
	dative	alumbradme	not used	alumbradle	alumbradnos	alumbraos	alumbradles
	accusative	alumbradme	not used	alumbradlo, alumbradla	alumbradnos	alumbraos	alumbradlos, alumbradlas
with formal second-person plural imperative alumbren
	dative	alúmbrenme	not used	alúmbrenle	alúmbrennos	not used	alúmbrenles, alúmbrense
	accusative	alúmbrenme	not used	alúmbrenlo, alúmbrenla	alúmbrennos	not used	alúmbrenlos, alúmbrenlas, alúmbrense

Derived terms

• alumbramiento

Related terms

• lumbre

Further reading

• “alumbrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014