Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swep-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*swep-

1. to sleep

Derived terms

► Terms derived from the PIE root *swep-

• *swép-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • Germanic: *swefaną
•  ?*swép-ye-ti
  • Italic:
    • Latin: sōpiō
• *swop-éye-ti (causative)
  • Germanic: *swabjaną
• *swép-no-s (see there for further descendants)
• *swop-no-s
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: քուն (kʿun)
  • Balto-Slavic: *sapnas
    • Lithuanian: sapnas
  • Italic:
    • Latin: somnus
• *sup-no-s
  • Balto-Slavic: *supnas
    • Slavic: *sъnъ (see there for further descendants)
  • Celtic: *sounos
    • Old Irish: súan
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὕπνος (húpnos)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Slavic: *sъpati
  • Indo-Iranian: *swápiti
    • Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: स्वपिति (svapiti, “he sleeps”)
        • Hindi: षुप्ति (ṣupti)
        • Punjabi: ਸੌਣ (sauṇ)
        • Sindhi: [script needed] (sumh)
        • Bengali: শুয়া (śua, “lie down, sleep”)
        • Nepali: सुते (sute)
    • Iranian:
      • Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬥‎ (xᵛapan)
      • Gilaki: خفت‎ (xuft)
      • Kurdish: xew (“sleep”), xewn (“dream”)
      • Middle Persian: hwʾb (xvāb)
        • Persian: خواب‎ (xvâb, xâb)
          • > Hindustani:
            • Urdu: خواب‎ (xvāb)
  • Italic: *swepōs
    • Latin: sopor

References

• Pokorny 2443, pages 1048-1049.
• Jacqueline Picoche, Jean-Claude Rolland, Dictionnaire étymologique du français, Paris 2009, Dictionnaires Le Robert, →ISBN; sommeil
• Alf Torp, "Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok", Oslo 1992 (reprint), →ISBN; Sova, Svevn, Svæv
• Gerhard Köbler, Altfriesisches Wörterbuch, (2. Auflage) 2003
• Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary] (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner