Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁er- (“earth”). Related to *erwǭ.
Pronunciation
Noun
*erþō f
- earth
Inflection
ō-stemDeclension of *erþō (ō-stem)
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singular
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plural
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nominative
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*erþō
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*erþôz
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vocative
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*erþō
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*erþôz
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accusative
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*erþǭ
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*erþōz
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genitive
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*erþōz
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*erþǫ̂
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dative
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*erþōi
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*erþōmaz
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instrumental
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*erþō
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*erþōmiz
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Derived terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *erþu, (weak declension) *erþā
- Old English: eorþe, earðe — Northumbrian; iorðe — Kentish; eorþ, earþe, iorþe, yrþ, eorðe, eorðo, eorðu; eorþæ, heorðe, heordæ, eorda, eordæ, eorða
- Middle English: erthe, eerthe, eorthe, eorþe, oerþe, oerþ, ereth, erth, erþ, erþe, irthe, yrþe, orþe, ȝorthe, horþe, horðe, urþe, urthe, hurde, erde; earþe, erðe, eorðe, eorth, herðe (Early Middle English)
- Old Frisian: erthe, erde, irthe
- Old Saxon: ertha, erda
- Middle Low German: ērde
- Low German:
- Dutch Low Saxon: eerde
- German Low German: Eer, Eerd, Ier, Ierd
- Westphalian:
- Lippisch: Eren (dative (as in up Eren) and genitive (as in in der Eren Grund))
- Ravensbergisch: Airn
- Sauerländisch: Ēre, Ere, Ǟre, Ēäre
- Westmünsterländisch: Eerde, Eere, Äärde, Ääre, Iärde
- Plautdietsch: Ead, Ieed
- Old Dutch: ertha
- Old High German: erda, haerda
- Old Norse: jǫrð, jorð
- Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰 (airþa)
- Vandalic: *eirth