Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/majati

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

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From Proto-Balto-Slavic *māˀ-, with *-j- (or *-v-) inserted to break hiatus. Cognate with Lithuanian móti (“to beckon”), 1sg. móju, Latvian mãt (“to beckon”), 1sg. mãju, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-[1].

Pokorny (and hence Vasmer) separates the meanings "to detain, to exhaust" found among some daughter langauges into a separate, homophonous root *majati derived from Proto-Indo-European *meh₃-[2] and cognate with Old High German muoan (“to alarm, to worry”), muodi (“tired”) (modern German müde), Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌸𐍃 (afmauiþs, “tired”), Ancient Greek μῶλος (môlos, “burden, labor”), μώλυς (mṓlus, “weakened, exhausted, stupid”), Latin mōlēs (“heaviness, weight”). Derksen prefers to keep all meanings together under Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-.

See also *māxàti, *mamiti for further discussion.

Verb

*màjati impf (perfective *manǫti)[3][4][5]

  1. to beckon
  2. to wave
  3. to detain, to dawdle (regionally, see Etymology)
  4. to enchant, to charm (figuratively)

Inflection

Conjugation of *majati, *maja, *majetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*majanьje *majati *majatъ *majalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *majanъ *majemъ
Active *majavъ *maję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *majaxъ *maja *maja *majǫ *maješi *majetь
Dual *majaxově *majasta *majaste *majevě *majeta *majete
Plural *majaxomъ *majaste *majašę *majemъ *majete *majǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *majaaxъ *majaaše *majaaše — *maji *maji
Dual *majaaxově *majaašeta *majaašete *majivě *majita —
Plural *majaaxomъ *majaašete *majaaxǫ *majimъ *majite —

Alternative forms

Template:mid2

  • *mara (“ghost, apparition”)
  • *morà (“nightly spirit, nightmare”)
  • *matati (“to frighten? to swindle?”)

Derived terms

  • *omajьnъ (“enchanting”)
  • *maхъ (“hand swing”)
  • *majakъ (“lighthouse, signalling post”)
  • *mati (“mother”) (at least morphologically)
  • *makъ (“poppy”) (at least morphologically)

Descendants

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ма́ять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*majati (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 132
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*mavati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 20
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “мая¹ (to detain)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 701
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971–2017), “[Expression error: Unrecognized word "vol". мая² (to enchant)]”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1–8, Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, page 702

References

  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “mā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 693
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “mō-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 746
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*majati; *mavati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 299: “v. ‘wave, beckon’”
  4. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “majati: majǫ majetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 205, 234, 236)”
  5. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “majáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*ma̋jati”
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