Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/neděľa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Either from *ne (“not”) +‎ *dělo (“work”) +‎ *-ja (perhaps a calque of Ancient Greek ἄπρακτος ἡμέρα (ápraktos hēméra) or calque of Latin diēs fēriātus)^[1]^[2] or *ne (“not”) +‎ *děliti (“to divide”) +‎ *-ja.

For the meaning, compare:

Sunday > week: Ojibwe anamaʼe-giizhik, Georgian კვირა (ḳvira), Romani kurko, Navajo damóo, Taos tumį́ku, Karao domingko.
summer > year: Proto-Slavic *lěto.

Noun

*nedě̀ľa f

Sunday
week

Declension

Declension of *nedě̀ľa (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*nedě̀ľa	*nedě̀ľi	*nedě̀ľę̇
genitive	*nedě̀ľę̇	*nedě̀ľu	*nedě̀ľь
dative	*nedě̀ľī	*nedě̀ľama	*nedě̀ľāmъ
accusative	*nedě̀ľǫ	*nedě̀ľi	*nedě̀ľę̇
instrumental	nedě̀ľējǫ, nedě̀ľǭ^*	*nedě̀ľama	*nedě̀ľāmī
locative	*nedě̀ľī	*nedě̀ľu	*nedě̀ľāsъ
vocative	*nedě̀ľe	*nedě̀ľi	*nedě̀ľę̇

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

*poneděľa

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: недѣ́лꙗ (nedě́lja)
  - Old Ruthenian: недѣ́лꙗ (nedě́lja)
    - Belarusian: нядзе́ля (njadzjélja)
      - →? Lithuanian: nedėlia
    - Carpathian Rusyn: недї́ля (nedjílja)
    - Ukrainian: неді́ля (nedílja)
  - Russian: неде́ля (nedélja, “week”)
    - → Karelian: netäli (“week”), nedäli
      - → Kildin Sami: не̄дтӭль (niedt’el’, “week”)
    - → Tuvan: неделя (nedelya)
    - → Yakut: нэдиэлэ (nediele, “week”)
    - → Yup'ik: nitiliq
  - → Estonian: nädal (“week”)
  - → Latgalian: nedeļa (“week”)
  - → Latvian: nedēļa (“week”)
  - → Livonian: nädīļ (“week”)
  - → Skolt Sami: neäʹttel (“week”)
  - → Votic: näteli (“week”)
- Old Novgorodian: недѣлꙗ (nedělja), недилꙗ (nedilja)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: недѣлꙗ (nedělja)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱀⰵⰴⱑⰾⱑ (nedělě)
- Bulgarian: неде́ля (nedélja), недя́ля (nedjálja) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: не́дела (nédela)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: нѐдеља, нѐдјеља, нѐђеља
  
  Latin script: nèdelja, nèdjelja, nèđelja
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): nedȉļa
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): nedȅlja
  - Kajkavian (Bednja): nedȅljo
- Slovene: nedẹ́lja (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: neděle, neděľe (alternative writing)
  - Czech: neděle
- Polabian: nideľă
- Old Polish: niedziela
  - Polish: niedziela
  - Silesian: niydziela
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: niedzela
  - Slovincian: njêdzêla
- Old Slovak: nedeľa
  - Pannonian Rusyn: нєдзеля (njedzelja)
  - Slovak: nedeľa
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: njeźela
  - Upper Sorbian: njedźela

References

^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “неде́ля”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*neděľa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 115

[1] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “неде́ля”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[2] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*neděľa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 115

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